Febbo Davide Di, Lunardini Francesca, Malavolti Milad, Pedrocchi Alessandra, Borghese N Alberto, Ferrante Simona
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2020 Jul;2020:5749-5752. doi: 10.1109/EMBC44109.2020.9175999.
The analysis of the writing gesture has been successfully investigated in the diagnosis of age-related diseases, but the current technologies and methods still do not allow the ecological daily monitoring of handwriting, mostly because they rely on standardized writing protocols. In this study, we first designed and validated a novel electronic ink pen, equipped with motion and writing force sensing, for the ecological daily-life monitoring of handwriting in uncontrolled environments. We used the pen to acquire writing activities from healthy adults, from which we computed useful handwriting and tremor indicators. We evaluated the reliability of our measurements by computing the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and the minimal detectable changes (MDC). Moderate to excellent reliability were obtained for all the handwriting indicators computed in two different writing tasks. MDC values can be used as reference to discriminate a real change in the handwriting parameters from a measurement error in longitudinal studies. These results pave the way towards the use of the pen for daily life handwriting monitoring.
书写手势分析已在与年龄相关疾病的诊断中得到成功研究，但目前的技术和方法仍无法实现对手写的生态化日常监测，主要原因是它们依赖标准化的书写协议。在本研究中，我们首先设计并验证了一种新型电子墨水笔，其配备了运动和书写压力感应功能，用于在不受控制的环境中对手写进行生态化的日常生活监测。我们使用该笔从健康成年人那里获取书写活动，从中计算出有用的手写和震颤指标。我们通过计算组内相关系数（ICC）和最小可检测变化（MDC）来评估测量的可靠性。在两项不同书写任务中计算出的所有手写指标都获得了中等至优秀的可靠性。MDC值可作为纵向研究中区分手写参数的真实变化与测量误差的参考。这些结果为将该笔用于日常生活手写监测铺平了道路。
