University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
PQ-CNPq.
Glob Public Health. 2021 Oct;16(10):1576-1589. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2020.1830425. Epub 2020 Oct 6.
During health emergencies, the security agenda tends to impose itself over the human rights agenda. That happened when Brazil became the Zika-related PHEIC epicentre in 2016. While the federal government promoted a 'war against the mosquito' , some social actors emphasised the social determinants of health and women's rights. This article presents the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) led campaign 'More Rights, Less Zika' as a consistent example of the positive effects the coordination between global and local actors might have on health initiatives. We conducted field research in Recife, Northeast of Brazil, one of the campaign's target cities, where we interviewed main local actors. The campaign focussed on disseminating women's sexual and reproductive rights as an alternative to the strategy of the federal government, primarily focussed on controlling the vector, postponing pregnancies, and the use of repellent. Despite its scale limitations, the campaign demonstrates that a right-based approach can contribute to increasing the security of communities during health emergencies. The case also suggests that coordinating global actors' actions with local actors improves the quality of global health initiatives, which is particularly important when a conservative agenda opposing women's rights gains leverage in Brazil and other States.
在卫生紧急情况下，安全议程往往会凌驾于人权议程之上。2016 年巴西成为寨卡相关国际关注的突发公共卫生事件的中心时，就发生了这种情况。当时，巴西联邦政府倡导“与蚊子作战”，而一些社会行为者则强调健康和妇女权利的社会决定因素。本文以联合国人口基金（UNFPA）领导的运动“更多权利，更少寨卡”为例，说明全球和地方行为者之间的协调可能对卫生倡议产生积极影响。我们在巴西东北部的累西腓进行了实地研究，累西腓是该运动的目标城市之一，我们在那里采访了主要的当地行为者。该运动的重点是传播妇女的性权利和生殖权利，作为对联邦政府主要侧重于控制病媒、推迟怀孕和使用驱虫剂的策略的替代方案。尽管规模有限，但该运动表明，基于权利的方法可以有助于在卫生紧急情况下增加社区的安全。该案例还表明，协调全球行为者与地方行为者的行动可以提高全球卫生倡议的质量，这在巴西和其他国家保守派反对妇女权利的议程获得优势时尤为重要。
