Diniz Debora, Gumieri Sinara, Bevilacqua Beatriz Galli, Cook Rebecca J, Dickens Bernard M
Faculty of Law, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
Anis Institute of Bioethics, Brasilia, Brazil.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2017 Jan;136(1):105-110. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12018. Epub 2016 Nov 3.
The February 2016 WHO declaration that congenital Zika virus syndrome constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern reacted to the outbreak of the syndrome in Brazil. Public health emergencies can justify a spectrum of human rights responses, but in Brazil, the emergency exposed prevailing inequities in the national healthcare system. The government's urging to contain the syndrome, which is associated with microcephaly among newborns, is confounded by lack of reproductive health services. Women with low incomes in particular have little access to such health services. The emergency also illuminates the harm of restrictive abortion legislation, and the potential violation of human rights regarding women's health and under the UN Conventions on the Rights of the Child and on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Suggestions have been proposed by which the government can remedy the widespread healthcare inequities among the national population that are instructive for other countries where congenital Zika virus syndrome is prevalent.
2016年2月，世界卫生组织宣布先天性寨卡病毒综合征构成国际关注的突发公共卫生事件，这是对巴西该综合征疫情的回应。突发公共卫生事件可以为一系列人权应对措施提供正当理由，但在巴西，这一紧急情况暴露了国家医疗体系中普遍存在的不平等现象。政府为控制该综合征（与新生儿小头症有关）所做的努力，因缺乏生殖健康服务而受到困扰。特别是低收入女性几乎无法获得此类医疗服务。这一紧急情况还凸显了限制性堕胎立法的危害，以及在妇女健康以及《联合国儿童权利公约》和《联合国残疾人权利公约》方面可能存在的人权侵犯问题。有人提出了一些建议，政府可以据此纠正全国人口中普遍存在的医疗不平等现象，这些建议对先天性寨卡病毒综合征流行的其他国家具有借鉴意义。
