Potassium tert-butoxide mediated C-C, C-N, C-O and C-S bond forming reactions.

Potassium tertiary butoxide (KOBu) mediated constructions of C-C, C-O, C-N, and C-S bonds are reviewed with special emphasis on their synthetic applications. KOBu can be used to perform reactions already known to be carried out using transition metals, but it has advantages in terms of environmental congruence and economic cost. KOBu is widely employed in organic synthesis to mediate the construction of C-C, C-O, C-N, C-S and miscellaneous bonds in good to excellent yields. Synthetic uses of KOBu in coupling, alkylation, arylation, α-phenylation, cyclization, Heck-type, annulation, photo-arylation, aromatic-substitution, amidation, and silylation reactions are summarized and discussed. The mechanisms through which KOBu carries out a specific reaction are also discussed. One of the goals of this review is to attract the attention of chemists as to the benefits of using KOBu as an environmentally benign alternative to transition metals and its applications in the construction of chemical bonds with predominant importance in organic synthesis. This review completely covers the synthetic protocols that have been performed using KOBu in the last two decades.