Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia.
Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Jan 1;278:556-562. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.104. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
Cardiovascular disease is disproportionally prevalent in bipolar disorder (BD) and has been linked to cognition in preliminary studies. Herein we evaluate the association between known risk factors for cardiovascular disease and executive function in BD patients compared to healthy controls.
In a sample of n=57 individuals (n=23 BD, n=34 controls) we assessed two subdomains of executive function; cognitive flexibility (using the Trail Making Test - Part B) and cognitive inhibition (using the Stroop Colour Word Interference Task). Cardiovascular risk was assessed by means of serum triglyceride levels, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, as well as dietary saturated fat intake and a sex-specific cumulative cardiovascular risk score calculated using the Framingham Heart Study method.
Patients with BD had higher BMI and waist circumference, with more BD patients categorized as having central obesity than controls. In the BD group only, higher triglyceride levels were associated with worse cognitive flexibility, and elevated cumulative cardiovascular disease risk was associated with worse cognitive inhibition. No correlations between cardiovascular risk factors and executive function were evident in the control group.
The study was limited by the small sample size and should be considered hypothesis-generating CONCLUSIONS: The associations between triglyceride levels, cumulative cardiovascular disease risk and executive functioning evident in BD in this study preliminarily indicate the potential for mechanistic overlap of physical health and cognitive function in the disorder.
心血管疾病在双相情感障碍（BD）中发病率不成比例，并且与认知功能在初步研究中相关。在此，我们评估了与心血管疾病已知危险因素相关的因素，并与健康对照组的 BD 患者的执行功能进行了比较。
在 n=57 名个体（n=23 名 BD，n=34 名对照）中，我们评估了执行功能的两个子领域；认知灵活性（使用 Trail Making Test - Part B）和认知抑制（使用 Stroop 颜色-词干扰任务）。通过血清甘油三酯水平、体重指数（BMI）和腰围以及饮食中的饱和脂肪摄入量以及使用 Framingham 心脏研究方法计算的特定性别累积心血管风险评分来评估心血管风险。
BD 患者的 BMI 和腰围更高，BD 患者中更多的人被归类为中心性肥胖，而非对照组。仅在 BD 组中，较高的甘油三酯水平与认知灵活性较差相关，而较高的累积心血管疾病风险与认知抑制较差相关。在对照组中，心血管危险因素与执行功能之间没有相关性。
该研究受到样本量小的限制，应被视为假设生成。
本研究中 BD 患者中甘油三酯水平、累积心血管疾病风险和执行功能之间的关联初步表明，在该疾病中，身体健康和认知功能之间存在潜在的机制重叠。
