Arntzen Erik, Eilertsen Jon Magnus
Department of Behavioral Science, Oslo Metropolitan University, PO Box 4, St. Olavs Plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway.
Perspect Behav Sci. 2020 Apr 21;43(3):469-485. doi: 10.1007/s40614-020-00250-2. eCollection 2020 Sep.
Twenty-two adult participants, assigned to three conditions, were trained nutrition knowledge (i.e., carbohydrate values) for different food items. In a stimulus sorting test, the participants were asked to sort stimuli (names of food items) into one of three different ranges of carbohydrate values ("less than 20", "20-40", "more than 40" gram per 100 gram). Conditional-discrimination training and testing followed the sorting test, and finally, a postclass formation sorting test of the stimuli used in the conditional-discrimination training. The conditional-discrimination training used tailored stimuli, that is, the food items that each of the participants categorized incorrectly in the sorting test. Participants exposed to Conditions 1 and 2 were trained on six conditional discriminations and tested for the formation of three 3-member classes. Conditions 2 and 3 had a "don't know" option together with the three different ranges of carbohydrate values in the sorting for tailoring the stimuli. Participants exposed to Condition 3 trained were trained on 12 conditional discriminations and tested for the formation of three 5-member classes. The main findings showed that all but one of the participants responded correctly on at least one test for equivalence class formation and sorted the stimuli correctly in the postclass formation sorting test.
22名成年参与者被分配到三种条件下，接受不同食物的营养知识（即碳水化合物含量）培训。在刺激分类测试中，要求参与者将刺激物（食物名称）分类到三种不同的碳水化合物含量范围（“每100克少于20克”、“20 - 40克”、“每100克超过40克”）中的一种。分类测试之后是条件辨别训练和测试，最后是对条件辨别训练中使用的刺激物进行分类后形成测试。条件辨别训练使用了量身定制的刺激物，即每个参与者在分类测试中分类错误的食物。暴露于条件1和条件2的参与者接受了6种条件辨别的训练，并测试了三个由3个成员组成的类别形成情况。条件2和条件3在分类时除了三种不同的碳水化合物含量范围外还有一个“不知道”选项，用于定制刺激物。暴露于条件3的参与者接受了12种条件辨别的训练，并测试了三个由5个成员组成的类别形成情况。主要研究结果表明，除一名参与者外，其他所有参与者在至少一项等价类形成测试中回答正确，并在分类后形成测试中正确地对刺激物进行了分类。
