García-Martínez Daniel, Bastir Markus, Gómez-Olivencia Asier, Maureille Bruno, Golovanova Liubov, Doronichev Vladimir, Akazawa Takeru, Kondo Osamu, Ishida Hajime, Gascho Dominic, Zollikofer Christoph P E, de León Marcia Ponce, Heuzé Yann
University of Bordeaux, CNRS, MCC, PACEA, UMR5199, Pessac, France.
Paleobiology Department, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Sci Adv. 2020 Oct 7;6(41). doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abb4377. Print 2020 Oct.
Ontogenetic studies provide clues for understanding important paleobiological aspects of extinct species. When compared to that of modern humans, the adult Neanderthal thorax was shorter, deeper, and wider. This is related to the wide Neanderthal body and is consistent with their hypothetical large requirements for energy and oxygen. Whether these differences were already established at birth or appeared later during development is unknown. To delve into this question, we use virtual reconstruction tools and geometric morphometrics to recover the 3D morphology of the ribcages of four Neanderthal individuals from birth to around 3 years old: Mezmaiskaya 1, Le Moustier 2, Dederiyeh 1, and Roc de Marsal. Our results indicate that the comparatively deep and short ribcage of the Neanderthals was already present at birth, as were other skeletal species-specific traits. This morphology possibly represents the plesiomorphic condition shared with , and it is likely linked to large energetic requirements.
个体发育研究为理解已灭绝物种的重要古生物学特征提供了线索。与现代人类相比，成年尼安德特人的胸廓更短、更深且更宽。这与尼安德特人宽阔的身体有关，并且与他们对能量和氧气的假设性高需求相一致。这些差异在出生时就已确立还是在发育后期才出现尚不清楚。为了深入探究这个问题，我们使用虚拟重建工具和几何形态测量学来恢复四个尼安德特个体从出生到3岁左右的胸腔三维形态：梅兹马伊斯卡亚1号、勒穆瓦捷2号、德迪耶赫1号和罗克德马尔萨尔。我们的结果表明，尼安德特人相对较深且短的胸腔在出生时就已存在，其他骨骼的物种特异性特征也是如此。这种形态可能代表了与[此处原文缺失相关物种信息]共有的原始状态，并且可能与高能量需求有关。
