Mahoney C P
Pediatr Clin North Am. 1987 Aug;34(4):825-49. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36289-7.
Short stature is a common pediatric problem that requires us to decide whether a child's small size represents only normal variation or indicates the presence of an underlying disease. In a population of children two standard deviations (SD) below the mean for height (below the third percentile), about 20 per cent may be expected to have pathologic short stature with the remaining 80 per cent about equally divided between familial short stature and constitutional growth delay. In contrast, most children three SD below the mean for height have pathologic short stature. Set forth in this article is an orderly approach to identify normal variants of short stature and to investigate the causes of pathologic short stature.
身材矮小是常见的儿科问题，这要求我们判断儿童身材矮小仅仅是正常变异，还是提示存在潜在疾病。在身高低于平均水平两个标准差（SD）（低于第三百分位数）的儿童群体中，约20%可能患有病理性身材矮小，其余80%在家族性身材矮小和体质性生长延迟之间大致平均分布。相比之下，身高低于平均水平三个标准差的大多数儿童患有病理性身材矮小。本文阐述了一种有序的方法，用于识别身材矮小的正常变异并调查病理性身材矮小的原因。
