Central Inter-Disciplinary Research Facility (CIDRF), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, India.
Research, Innovation, and Development, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, India.
IUBMB Life. 2020 Dec;72(12):2533-2545. doi: 10.1002/iub.2391. Epub 2020 Oct 8.
Novel SARS-CoV-2 named due to its close homology with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is the etiologic agent for the ongoing pandemic outbreak causing loss of life and severe economic burden globally. The virus is believed to be evolved in a recombined form of bat and animal coronavirus with the capacity to infect human host using the ACE2 receptors as an entry point. Though the disease pathogenesis is not elucidated completely, the virus-mediated host response retains a similar pattern to that of previous SARS-CoV. Based on the available trend it is assumed that pediatric groups are less susceptible to the coronavirus. Understanding the possible mechanism that protects the children from hyper-inflammatory or disease severity could lead to better treatment modalities. In the present review, we have discussed the significance of age and sex-dependent pattern of ACE2 receptor expression and ACE2 variants in the immune protective mechanism of the disease virulence. We have also added a brief note on the importance of sex hormones in the pathogenesis of ACE2 mediated SARS-CoV2 infection.
新型严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 型（SARS-CoV-2）因其与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）的密切同源性而得名，是导致目前在全球范围内造成生命损失和严重经济负担的大流行的病原体。据信，这种病毒是在蝙蝠和动物冠状病毒的重组形式中进化而来的，能够利用 ACE2 受体作为进入点感染人类宿主。尽管疾病的发病机制尚未完全阐明，但病毒介导的宿主反应保留了与之前 SARS-CoV 相似的模式。根据目前的趋势，可以假设儿科群体不易感染冠状病毒。了解保护儿童免受过度炎症或疾病严重程度的可能机制可能会导致更好的治疗方法。在本综述中，我们讨论了 ACE2 受体表达和 ACE2 变体在疾病毒力的免疫保护机制中的年龄和性别依赖性模式的重要性。我们还简要介绍了性激素在 ACE2 介导的 SARS-CoV2 感染发病机制中的重要性。
