Horváth Áron, Ferentzi Eszter, Bogdány Tamás, Szolcsányi Tibor, Witthöft Michael, Köteles Ferenc
Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary; Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary.
Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary.
Cortex. 2020 Nov;132:361-373. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.08.026. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is a widely used tool in the study of multisensory integration. It develops as the interaction of temporally consistent visual and tactile input, which can overwrite proprioceptive information. Theoretically, the accuracy of proprioception may influence the proneness to the RHI but this has received little research attention to date. Concerning the role of cardioceptive information, the available empirical evidence is equivocal. The current study aimed to test the impact of proprioceptive and cardioceptive input on the RHI. 60 undergraduate students (32 females) completed sensory tasks assessing proprioceptive accuracy with respect to the angle of the elbow joint, a heartbeat tracking task assessing cardioceptive accuracy (the Schandry-task) and the RHI. We found that those with more consistent joint position judgements (i.e., less variable error) in the proprioceptive task were less prone to the illusion, particularly with respect to disembodiment ratings in the asynchronous condition. Systematic error, indicating a systematic distortion in position judgements influenced the illusion in the synchronous condition. Participants with more proprioceptive bias toward the direction of the rubber hand in the proprioceptive test reported a stronger felt embodiment. The results are in accordance with Bayesian causal inference models of multisensory integration. Cardioceptive accuracy, however, was not associated with the strength of the illusion. We concluded that individual differences in proprioceptive processing impact the RHI, while cardioceptive accuracy is unrelated to it. Theoretical and practical relevance of the findings are discussed.
橡胶手错觉（RHI）是多感官整合研究中广泛使用的工具。它是由时间上一致的视觉和触觉输入相互作用产生的，这种相互作用可以覆盖本体感觉信息。从理论上讲，本体感觉的准确性可能会影响产生橡胶手错觉的倾向，但迄今为止这方面的研究很少受到关注。关于心觉信息的作用，现有的实证证据并不明确。本研究旨在测试本体感觉和心觉输入对橡胶手错觉的影响。60名本科生（32名女性）完成了评估肘关节角度本体感觉准确性的感觉任务、评估心觉准确性的心跳跟踪任务（尚德里任务）以及橡胶手错觉任务。我们发现，在本体感觉任务中关节位置判断更一致（即误差变化较小）的人产生错觉的倾向较小，尤其是在异步条件下的脱离感评分方面。系统误差表明位置判断存在系统偏差，它在同步条件下影响了错觉。在本体感觉测试中对橡胶手方向有更多本体感觉偏差的参与者报告有更强的自我身体存在感。研究结果符合多感官整合的贝叶斯因果推理模型。然而，心觉准确性与错觉强度无关。我们得出结论，本体感觉处理的个体差异会影响橡胶手错觉，而心觉准确性与之无关。本文讨论了研究结果的理论和实际意义。
