Iwate Prefectural Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan,
Iwate Prefectural Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan.
Cerebrovasc Dis Extra. 2020;10(3):105-115. doi: 10.1159/000509869. Epub 2020 Oct 8.
A temporary increase in the occurrence of cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) after the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011 was reported; however, no studies have been conducted to investigate long-term effects. We assessed the long-term impact of the disaster on the incidence of CVDs.
Incidence data for CVDs from 2008 to 2017 were acquired from the population-based Stroke Registry with an inventory survey of Iwate Prefecture, Japan. Part of the coastal area in Iwate Prefecture was mildly flooded and the other part was severely flooded. Age-adjusted incidence rates of CVDs (according to the Japanese standard population) were calculated for each area. The relative risk (RR) of incidence based on the years before the disaster (2008-2010), adjusted by stratified age groups, was calculated for the year of the disaster (2011), and the years after the disaster (2012-2017) in each area.
The age-adjusted incidence rates gradually decreased in all areas, with the exception of a temporary increase among men who lived on the coast the year the disaster occurred. The adjusted RR in the disaster year were not significant in any area and those of the postdisaster years were 0.91 (95% CI 0.87-0.96) for all inland men, 0.93 (0.89-0.97) for all inland women, 0.85 (0.78-0.93) for all coastal men, 0.87 (0.81-0.94) for all coastal women, 0.88 (0.80-0.98) for men at mildly flooded coast, 0.82 (0.75-0.89) for women at mildly flooded coast, 0.79 (0.68-0.91) for men at severely flooded coast, and 0.98 (0.86-1.11) for women at severely flooded coast.
The occurrence of CVDs in the flooded coastal areas did not increase in the year of the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami; furthermore, it decreased for men according to the severity of flood damage in the subsequent years; this can be attributed to supportive activities for the tsunami victims and the migration of the population.
据报道，2011 年东日本大地震和海啸后，脑血管疾病（CVDs）的发生暂时增加；然而，尚未有研究调查其长期影响。我们评估了这场灾难对 CVDs 发病率的长期影响。
我们从日本岩手县基于人口的卒中登记处获取了 2008 年至 2017 年 CVD 发病数据，并对其进行了库存调查。岩手县的部分沿海地区轻度受淹，另一部分地区严重受淹。根据日本标准人口计算了每个地区 CVD 的年龄调整发病率（根据年份调整）。根据受灾前（2008-2010 年）的年份，通过分层年龄组对受灾年份（2011 年）和受灾后年份（2012-2017 年）的每个地区的发病相对风险（RR）进行了计算。
除了受灾当年沿海地区男性的发病率暂时增加外，所有地区的年龄调整发病率均逐渐下降。在任何地区，受灾年份的调整 RR 均不显著，而灾后年份的 RR 对于所有内陆男性为 0.91（95%CI 0.87-0.96），所有内陆女性为 0.93（0.89-0.97），所有沿海男性为 0.85（0.78-0.93），所有沿海女性为 0.87（0.81-0.94），轻度受淹沿海地区的男性为 0.88（0.80-0.98），轻度受淹沿海地区的女性为 0.82（0.75-0.89），严重受淹沿海地区的男性为 0.79（0.68-0.91），严重受淹沿海地区的女性为 0.98（0.86-1.11）。
在东日本大地震和海啸发生的当年，受灾沿海地区 CVD 的发生并未增加；此外，根据随后几年洪水灾害严重程度的不同，男性的发病率有所下降；这归因于对海啸灾民的支持活动和人口迁移。
