Environmental Physics Laboratory (EPhysLab), CIM-UVIGO, Universidade de Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain.
Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Facultade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
Nat Commun. 2020 Oct 8;11(1):5082. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18876-w.
One of the most robust signals of climate change is the relentless rise in global mean surface temperature, which is linked closely with the water-holding capacity of the atmosphere. A more humid atmosphere will lead to enhanced moisture transport due to, among other factors, an intensification of atmospheric rivers (ARs) activity, which are an important mechanism of moisture advection from subtropical to extra-tropical regions. Here we show an enhanced evapotranspiration rates in association with landfalling atmospheric river events. These anomalous moisture uptake (AMU) locations are identified on a global scale. The interannual variability of AMU displays a significant increase over the period 1980-2017, close to the Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) scaling, at 7 % per degree of surface temperature rise. These findings are consistent with an intensification of AR predicted by future projections. Our results also reveal generalized significant increases in AMU at the regional scale and an asymmetric supply of oceanic moisture, in which the maximum values are located over the region known as the Western Hemisphere Warm Pool (WHWP) centred on the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.
气候变化最显著的信号之一是全球平均地表温度的持续上升，这与大气的持水能力密切相关。由于大气河流（ARs）活动的加剧等因素，更潮湿的大气将导致增强的水汽输送，而大气河流活动是将水汽从亚热带向亚热带以外地区平流输送的重要机制。在这里，我们展示了与登陆大气河流事件相关的增强的蒸散发率。这些异常水汽吸收（AMU）的位置在全球范围内被识别出来。AMU 的年际变化在 1980 年至 2017 年期间显示出显著增加，接近于克劳修斯-克拉珀龙（CC）缩放，即表面温度每升高 1 度，AMU 增加 7%。这些发现与未来预测的 AR 加剧一致。我们的研究结果还表明，在区域尺度上，AMU 普遍显著增加，并且海洋水汽的供应存在不对称性，其中最大值位于被称为西半球暖池（WHWP）的地区，该地区以墨西哥湾和加勒比海为中心。
