Sokolis Dimitrios P
Laboratory of Biomechanics, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
J Biomech. 2020 Nov 9;112:110065. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.110065. Epub 2020 Sep 28.
Detailed estimation of axial residual strains in the human aorta is necessary when performing biomechanical analyses of physiologic functions and pathologic conditions. We recently published such data for autopsied aortas and the present aim was to measure axial residual stretches at different wall depths, along with layer thicknesses on images borrowed from that work. Residual stretches at the external surface and medial-adventitial interface increased along the aorta's ascending course, decreased along its descending course, and increased from the diaphragm toward the iliac arteries. Residual stretches at the intimal-medial interface and internal surface decreased down the distal one-third of the aorta. A continuous decrease in medial thickness was witnessed along the vessel, whereas intimal and adventitial thickness remained fairly stable. At some axial locations, smaller were the axial residual stretches of the outer than those of the other quadrants, with minor differences in layer-specific thicknesses among quadrants. Adventitial thickness did not vary with age, while the intima and media thickened considerably with different time-courses. The observed intimal thickening solely between young (≤40 yr) and middle-aged subjects (40-60 yr) is consistent with the increased circumferential residual stretches previously established by our group between those subject groups and the minimal further increase in old subjects (≥60 yr). The observed medial thickening between middle-aged and old subjects was accompanied by decreased axial residual stretches that were not seen between young and middle-aged subjects. These observations suggest distinct roles for the intima and media in determining circumferential and axial residual stretches that merit further attention.
在对生理功能和病理状况进行生物力学分析时，详细估算人体主动脉的轴向残余应变是必要的。我们最近公布了尸检主动脉的此类数据，目前的目的是测量不同壁深度处的轴向残余拉伸，以及从该研究中借用的图像上的各层厚度。外表面和中膜-外膜界面处的残余拉伸沿主动脉升段增加，沿降段减少，并从膈肌向髂动脉方向增加。内膜-中膜界面和内表面处的残余拉伸在主动脉远端三分之一处向下减少。沿血管观察到中膜厚度持续减小，而内膜和外膜厚度保持相当稳定。在某些轴向位置，外膜的轴向残余拉伸小于其他象限，各象限之间的层特异性厚度存在微小差异。外膜厚度不随年龄变化，而内膜和中膜随不同的时间进程显著增厚。仅在年轻（≤40岁）和中年（40-60岁）受试者之间观察到的内膜增厚，与我们小组先前在这些受试者组之间确定的圆周残余拉伸增加以及老年受试者（≥60岁）的最小进一步增加一致。在中年和老年受试者之间观察到的中膜增厚伴随着轴向残余拉伸的减少，而在年轻和中年受试者之间未观察到这种情况。这些观察结果表明，内膜和中膜在确定圆周和轴向残余拉伸方面具有不同的作用，值得进一步关注。
