Burgos-Aceves Mario Alberto, Abo-Al-Ela Haitham G, Faggio Caterina
Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
Genetics and Biotechnology, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, Suez, Egypt.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Feb 15;404(Pt A):124114. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124114. Epub 2020 Sep 28.
Human and wildlife are continually exposed to a wide range of compounds and substances, which reach the body through the air, water, food, or personal care products. Plasticizers are compounds added to plastics and can be released to the environment under certain conditions. Toxicological studies have concluded that plasticizers, phthalates, and bisphenols are endocrine disruptors, alter the endocrine system and functioning of the immune system and metabolic process. A functional immune response indicates favourable living conditions for an organism; conversely, a weak immune response could reveal a degraded environment that requires organisms to adapt. There is growing concern about the presence of plastic debris in the environment. In this review, the current knowledge of the action of plasticizers on leukocyte cells will be itemized. We also point out critically the role of some nuclear and membrane receptors as key players in the action of plasticizers on cells possess immune function. We discuss the role of erythrocytes within the immune responses and the alteration caused by plasticizers. Finally, we highlight data evidencing mitochondrial dysfunctions triggered by plasticizing toxic action, which can lead to immunosuppression.
人类和野生动物持续接触各种各样的化合物和物质，这些物质通过空气、水、食物或个人护理产品进入人体。增塑剂是添加到塑料中的化合物，在某些条件下会释放到环境中。毒理学研究得出结论，增塑剂、邻苯二甲酸盐和双酚是内分泌干扰物，会改变内分泌系统以及免疫系统和代谢过程的功能。功能性免疫反应表明生物体的生存条件良好；相反，较弱的免疫反应可能表明环境退化，需要生物体进行适应。人们对环境中塑料碎片的存在越来越担忧。在这篇综述中，将详细列出目前关于增塑剂对白细胞细胞作用的知识。我们还将批判性地指出一些核受体和膜受体在增塑剂对具有免疫功能的细胞作用中作为关键参与者的作用。我们讨论红细胞在免疫反应中的作用以及增塑剂引起的改变。最后，我们强调证明增塑剂毒性作用引发线粒体功能障碍的数据，这种功能障碍可能导致免疫抑制。
