Kharey Gurpreet, Scheffer Gabrielle, Gieg Lisa M
Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9/National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Ave, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada.
Microorganisms. 2020 Oct 6;8(10):1532. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8101532.
The widespread use of hydrocarbon-based fuels has led to the contamination of many natural environments due to accidental spills or leaks. While anaerobic microorganisms indigenous to many fuel-contaminated groundwater sites can play a role in site remediation (e.g., monitored natural attenuation, MNA) via hydrocarbon biodegradation, multiple lines of evidence in support of such bioremediation are required. In this study, we investigated two fuel-contaminated groundwater sites for their potential to be managed by MNA. Microbial community composition, biogeochemical indicators, fumarate addition metabolites, and genes diagnostic of both alkane and alkyl-monoaromatic hydrocarbon activation were assessed. Fumarate addition metabolites and catabolic genes were detected for both classes of hydrocarbon biodegradation at both sites, providing strong evidence for in situ anaerobic hydrocarbon biodegradation. However, relevant metabolites and genes did not consistently co-occur within all groundwater samples. Using newly designed mixtures of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) primers to target diverse and genes, we measured gene abundances ranging from 10-10 copies/L, and gene abundances ranging from 10-10 copies/L at the sites. Overall, this study demonstrates the value of investigating fuel-contaminated sites using both metabolites and genes diagnostic of anaerobic hydrocarbon biodegradation for different classes of hydrocarbons to help assess field sites for management by MNA.
基于碳氢化合物的燃料的广泛使用，已因意外泄漏导致许多自然环境受到污染。虽然许多受燃料污染的地下水场地中的本土厌氧微生物可通过碳氢化合物生物降解在场地修复（例如，监测自然衰减，MNA）中发挥作用，但需要多条证据来支持这种生物修复。在本研究中，我们调查了两个受燃料污染的地下水场地进行监测自然衰减管理的潜力。评估了微生物群落组成、生物地球化学指标、富马酸添加代谢物以及诊断烷烃和烷基单芳烃活化的基因。在两个场地均检测到了两类碳氢化合物生物降解的富马酸添加代谢物和分解代谢基因，为原位厌氧碳氢化合物生物降解提供了有力证据。然而，相关代谢物和基因并非在所有地下水样品中都一致共存。使用新设计的定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）引物混合物靶向不同的 和 基因，我们在这些场地测量到 基因丰度范围为10 - 10拷贝/升， 基因丰度范围为10 - 10拷贝/升。总体而言，本研究证明了使用诊断不同类碳氢化合物厌氧生物降解的代谢物和基因来调查受燃料污染场地的价值，以帮助评估可通过监测自然衰减进行管理的野外场地。
