Farris Emmanuele, Orrù Martino, Ucchesu Mariano, Amadori Arianna, Porceddu Marco, Bacchetta Gianluigi
Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Independent Researcher, via Nazionale, 09023 Monastir (CA), Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Oct 6;9(10):1321. doi: 10.3390/plants9101321.
In this work, the seed morpho-colorimetric differentiation of the Sardinian endemic species of (Boraginaceae) was evaluated. In Sardinia, the genus includes the following seven taxa: , ssp. , ssp. , , , , and . Seed images were acquired using a flatbed scanner and analyzed using the free software package ImageJ. A total of 74 seed morpho-colorimetric features of 2692 seed lots of seven taxa of belonging to 17 populations were extrapolated and used to build a database of seed size, shape, and color features. The data were statistically elaborated by the stepwise linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to compare and discriminate each accession and taxon. In addition, the seed morpho-colorimetric differences among coastal and mountainous taxa were evaluated. Considering the ecological conditions, the LDA was able to discriminate among the taxa with a correct identification of 87.4% and 90.8% of specimens for mountainous and coastal plants, respectively. Moreover, the LDA of the 17 populations of showed a low separation among species and populations within the coastal group, highlighting how the long-distance dispersal by flotation on the sea water surface and the pollination network may influence the similarity patterns observed. In addition, a misattribution was observed for ssp. , which was misclassified as ssp. in 14.1% of cases, while ssp. was misidentified as ssp. in 21.1% of cases, highlighting a close phenotypic relationship between these two taxa. The statistical results obtained through the seed image analysis showed that the morpho-colorimetric features of the seeds provide important information about the adaptation and evolution of taxa in Sardinia.
在这项研究中，对撒丁岛特有的紫草科物种进行了种子形态比色鉴别评估。在撒丁岛，紫草属包括以下七个分类群：紫草、狭叶紫草亚种、阔叶紫草亚种、海滨紫草、山地紫草、毛果紫草和硬紫草。使用平板扫描仪采集种子图像，并使用免费软件包ImageJ进行分析。从属于17个种群的紫草属七个分类群的2692个种子批次中推断出总共74个种子形态比色特征，并用于建立种子大小、形状和颜色特征的数据库。通过逐步线性判别分析（LDA）对数据进行统计处理，以比较和区分每个种质和分类群。此外，还评估了沿海和山区分类群之间种子形态比色的差异。考虑到生态条件，LDA能够区分这些分类群，对山区植物和沿海植物标本的正确识别率分别为87.4%和90.8%。此外，对17个紫草种群的LDA分析表明，沿海组内的物种和种群之间的分离度较低，这突出了海水表面漂浮的远距离传播和授粉网络可能如何影响所观察到的相似性模式。此外，观察到狭叶紫草亚种存在误判情况，在14.1%的案例中被误分类为阔叶紫草亚种，而阔叶紫草亚种在21.1%的案例中被误识别为狭叶紫草亚种，这突出了这两个分类群之间密切的表型关系。通过种子图像分析获得的统计结果表明，种子的形态比色特征为撒丁岛紫草科分类群的适应和进化提供了重要信息。
