Food Engineering Department, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Kestel-Alanya 07450, Antalya, Turkey.
Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Food Chem. 2021 Mar 30;341(Pt 2):128261. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128261. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
Coffee induces a health-promoting adaptive response of cells in the body. Here, we investigated enterocyte responses to AHR agonists in coffee and measured their transport across a polarized intestinal epithelium. AHR-activating potencies of Turkish, filter, and instant coffee were determined using DR CALUX® bioassay, before and after intestinal metabolization by Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, effects of coffee on induction of AHR- and Nrf2-pathway genes in Caco-2 cells were evaluated by real-time qPCR. Coffee samples showed considerable AHR-activating potencies in DR CALUX® bioassay (up to 79% of positive control activity). After incubation with Caco-2 cells, AHR activity of different coffees was between 35 and 64% of their initial value, suggesting rapid uptake and metabolization by epithelial cells. Expression of AHR-regulated gene CYP1A1 increased up to 41-fold and most Nrf2-pathway genes were up-regulated by coffee. This in vitro study may support the notion that coffee bioactives contribute to antioxidant defense and detoxification processes in vivo.
咖啡诱导体内细胞产生促进健康的适应性反应。在这里，我们研究了肠细胞对咖啡中 AHR 激动剂的反应，并测量了它们在极性肠上皮细胞中的跨膜转运。使用 DR CALUX®生物测定法，在 Caco-2 细胞进行肠道代谢之前和之后，确定了土耳其咖啡、过滤咖啡和速溶咖啡的 AHR 激活效力。此外，通过实时 qPCR 评估了咖啡对 Caco-2 细胞中 AHR 和 Nrf2 通路基因诱导的影响。咖啡样品在 DR CALUX®生物测定法中显示出相当大的 AHR 激活效力（高达阳性对照活性的 79%）。用 Caco-2 细胞孵育后，不同咖啡的 AHR 活性为初始值的 35%至 64%，表明上皮细胞的快速摄取和代谢。AHR 调节基因 CYP1A1 的表达增加了 41 倍，大多数 Nrf2 通路基因被咖啡上调。这项体外研究可能支持这样一种观点，即咖啡生物活性有助于体内的抗氧化防御和解毒过程。
