Laboratory of Functional Foods, Program of Food and Nutrition, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Biomed Res Int. 2022 Apr 22;2022:3254420. doi: 10.1155/2022/3254420. eCollection 2022.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of cancer among men, and coffee is associated with a reduced risk of developing PCa. Therefore, we aim to review possible coffee molecular mechanisms that contribute to PCa prevention. Coffee has an important antioxidant capacity that reduces oxidative stress, leading to a reduced mutation in cells. Beyond direct antioxidant activity, coffee stimulates phase II enzymatic activity, which is related to the detoxification of reactive metabolites. The anti-inflammatory effects of coffee reduce tissue damage related to PCa development. Coffee induces autophagy, regulates the NF-B pathway, and reduces the expression of iNOS and inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-, IL-6, IL-8, and CRP. Also, coffee modulates transcriptional factors and pathways. It has been shown that coffee increases testosterone and reduces sex hormone-binding globulin, estrogen, and prostate-specific antigen. Coffee also enhances insulin resistance and glucose metabolism. All these effects may contribute to protection against PCa development.
前列腺癌（PCa）是男性最常见的癌症类型之一，而咖啡与降低 PCa 发病风险有关。因此，我们旨在综述可能有助于预防 PCa 的咖啡分子机制。咖啡具有重要的抗氧化能力，可以减轻氧化应激，从而减少细胞突变。除了直接的抗氧化活性外，咖啡还能刺激 II 相酶的活性，这与对反应性代谢物的解毒有关。咖啡的抗炎作用可减轻与 PCa 发展相关的组织损伤。咖啡可诱导自噬，调节 NF-B 通路，并降低 iNOS 和炎性介质（如 TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8 和 CRP）的表达。此外，咖啡还可调节转录因子和通路。研究表明，咖啡可增加睾酮并降低性激素结合球蛋白、雌激素和前列腺特异性抗原。咖啡还可增强胰岛素抵抗和葡萄糖代谢。所有这些作用可能有助于预防 PCa 的发生。
