Nambron Rajasree, Rosenthal Richard, Bahl Deepti
University of Alabama at Birmingham, UAB Multispecialty Clinic, 2119 East South Boulevard, Montgomery, AL 36116, USA.
University of Alabama at Birmingham, The Kirklin Clinic of UAB Hospital, 2000 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
Radiol Clin North Am. 2020 Nov;58(6):1009-1018. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2020.07.007. Epub 2020 Sep 17.
Thyroid nodules are a common clinical problem encountered in an endocrine practice. More and more thyroid nodules are now being detected on unrelated imaging studies, leading to an increased diagnosis of low-risk thyroid cancers. There is therefore a greater emphasis on risk assessment based on clinical and sonographic features to avoid morbidity secondary to unnecessary therapy. Molecular diagnostics are also being widely used to further characterize indeterminate nodules. The American Thyroid Association and American College of Radiology-Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System guidelines are the most commonly used in clinical practice for risk assessment.
甲状腺结节是内分泌科临床常见问题。现在，越来越多的甲状腺结节在无关的影像学检查中被发现，导致低风险甲状腺癌的诊断增加。因此，更加强调基于临床和超声特征进行风险评估，以避免不必要治疗带来的继发性发病率。分子诊断也被广泛用于进一步明确不确定结节的特征。美国甲状腺协会和美国放射学会的甲状腺影像报告和数据系统指南是临床实践中最常用于风险评估的指南。
