Baloyannis S J, Theoharides T C, Manolides L S
Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1987;244(1):36-43. doi: 10.1007/BF00453489.
Hypoglycemia was induced by intracarotid insulin infusions in adult Lewis rats. Electron microscopy of the acoustic cortices in these animals revealed that hypoglycemia provoked marked morphological and morphometric alterations in the pre- and postsynaptic terminals present, as well as in the astrocytic processes seen. The number of the synaptic vesicles in the "active zone" of the synapses was dramatically decreased, with most of the vesicles loosely dispersed in the entire presynaptic profile. Some of the pre- and postsynaptic terminals were enlarged and contained dilated cisternae of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, as well as mitochondria exhibiting a marked internal disorganization. The synaptic clefts in a large number of synapses were dilated and contained fibrillary material. The most striking morphological alterations seen involved a membrane discontinuity of the postsynaptic terminal and was found mostly in the synapses of the superficial layer of the acoustic cortex. Most of the morphological alterations observed in the acoustic cortex following uncomplicated hypoglycemia are seen in sensitive areas of the brain after ischemia or hypoxia.
通过向成年Lewis大鼠颈内动脉输注胰岛素来诱发低血糖。对这些动物听觉皮层的电子显微镜检查显示，低血糖会引发突触前和突触后终末以及可见的星形胶质细胞突起出现明显的形态学和形态计量学改变。突触“活性区”的突触小泡数量显著减少，大多数小泡松散地分散在整个突触前轮廓中。一些突触前和突触后终末增大，含有扩张的滑面内质网池，以及线粒体呈现出明显的内部结构紊乱。大量突触的突触间隙扩张，含有纤维状物质。最显著的形态学改变是突触后终末的膜连续性中断，且大多见于听觉皮层表层的突触中。单纯性低血糖后在听觉皮层观察到的大多数形态学改变，在缺血或缺氧后的脑敏感区域也可见到。
