Department of Psychology, University of Houston , Houston, TX, USA.
School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia , Perth, Australia.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2020 Nov;42(9):952-964. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2020.1828835. Epub 2020 Oct 12.
Older adults with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are at high risk for deficits in the resource-demanding, strategic aspects of prospective memory (PM) that can adversely affect health outcomes. This study examined the frequency and correlates of spontaneous compensatory strategy use during a laboratory-based PM task and its associations with the use of mnemonic strategies in daily life.
Participants included 53 older adults with HAND, 89 older persons with HIV without HAND, and 62 seronegatives who completed the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (CAMPROMPT), on which the type, frequency, and quality of their compensatory strategy use was quantified. Participants also completed self-report measures of PM symptoms and the frequency of mnemonic compensatory strategy use in daily life.
There were no significant group-level effects on strategy use during the CAMPROMPT. Persons with HAND had moderately lower time-, but not event-based PM scores. Higher compensatory strategy use was strongly associated with better PM, particularly for time-based cues. Moreover, higher compensatory strategy use on the CAMPROMPT was associated with more frequent general mnemonic strategy use in daily life, and specifically with more frequent use of internal PM strategies (e.g., visualization) for medication adherence.
Spontaneous compensatory mnemonic strategy use can support PM performance among older adults with HAND in the laboratory. Strategy use in the laboratory may be a marker for the extent to which older adults with HAND use other compensatory strategies to support memory in their daily life. Future studies may examine whether compensatory mnemonic strategies can be taught and used to support PM in the daily lives of older persons with HIV disease.
伴有 HIV 相关认知障碍（HAND）的老年患者在进行前瞻性记忆（PM）任务时，资源需求较高的策略方面存在缺陷的风险很高，这可能对健康结果产生不利影响。本研究考察了在基于实验室的 PM 任务中自发使用补偿策略的频率和相关性，以及其与日常生活中使用记忆策略的相关性。
参与者包括 53 名 HAND 老年患者、89 名无 HAND 的 HIV 老年患者和 62 名血清阴性对照者，他们完成了剑桥前瞻性记忆测试（CAMPROMPT），其中量化了他们使用补偿策略的类型、频率和质量。参与者还完成了 PM 症状的自我报告评估和日常生活中记忆补偿策略的使用频率。
在 CAMPROMPT 上，组间策略使用没有显著差异。HAND 患者的时间性 PM 得分较低，但事件性 PM 得分没有差异。较高的补偿策略使用与更好的 PM 高度相关，特别是对时间性提示。此外，CAMPROMPT 上较高的补偿策略使用与日常生活中更频繁的一般记忆策略使用相关，特别是与更频繁地使用内部 PM 策略（例如，可视化）来提高药物依从性相关。
在实验室中，自发的补偿性记忆策略使用可以支持 HAND 老年患者的 PM 表现。实验室中的策略使用可能是 HAND 老年患者在日常生活中使用其他补偿策略来支持记忆的程度的标志。未来的研究可能会探讨是否可以教授补偿性记忆策略，并将其用于支持 HIV 疾病老年患者的日常生活中的 PM。
