Division of Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Transl Behav Med. 2020 Oct 12;10(5):1120-1133. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa003.
Melanoma is the most common cause of skin cancer deaths, and individuals who have had melanoma have an increased risk of developing new melanomas. Doing regular self-examinations of skin enables one to detect thinner melanomas earlier when the disease is more treatable. The aim of this systematic review is to characterize and evaluate the existing literature on the prevalence and correlates of skin self-examination (SSE) behaviors among adult melanoma survivors in the USA and Canada. A computerized literature search was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria for the studies were: (a) reported results for adult melanoma survivors in the USA or Canada, (b) papers described empirical research, (c) assessed SSE and related behaviors, and (d) papers were published in a peer-reviewed journal in the past 20 years. Key phrases such as "skin self-examination/SSE in melanoma survivors in the United States" and "correlates of skin self-examination/SSE" were used. Based on the inclusion criteria, 30 studies were included in the systematic review. SSE prevalence varied depending on how SSE was defined. Demographics and factors (gender, education level, patient characteristics, partner assistance, and physician support) associated with SSE were identified. Findings of this review show evidence for the need to have a consistent way to assess SSE and suggest different types of correlates on which to focus in order to promote SSE and reduce the risk of melanoma recurrence in survivors. This systematic review and its protocol have been registered in the international database of prospectively registered systematic reviews in health and social care (PROSPERO; ID: 148878).
黑色素瘤是皮肤癌死亡的最常见原因，而患有黑色素瘤的个体患新发黑色素瘤的风险增加。定期进行皮肤自我检查可以更早地发现更薄的黑色素瘤，此时疾病更具可治疗性。本系统评价的目的是描述和评估美国和加拿大成年黑色素瘤幸存者中皮肤自我检查（SSE）行为的现况和相关性的现有文献。使用 PubMed、Google Scholar 和 ScienceDirect 进行了计算机文献检索。研究纳入标准为：（a）报告美国或加拿大成年黑色素瘤幸存者的结果，（b）论文描述了实证研究，（c）评估了 SSE 和相关行为，以及（d）论文在过去 20 年中在同行评议期刊上发表。使用了诸如“黑色素瘤幸存者的皮肤自我检查/SSE 在美国”和“皮肤自我检查/SSE 的相关性”等关键词。根据纳入标准，有 30 项研究纳入了系统评价。SSE 的流行率取决于 SSE 的定义方式而有所不同。确定了与 SSE 相关的人口统计学和因素（性别、教育水平、患者特征、伴侣协助和医生支持）。本综述的结果表明，有必要采用一致的方法来评估 SSE，并建议关注不同类型的相关性，以促进 SSE 并降低幸存者中黑色素瘤复发的风险。本系统评价及其方案已在健康和社会护理领域的前瞻性注册系统评价国际数据库（PROSPERO；ID：148878）中注册。
