Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan.
Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.
Nutrition. 2021 Jan;81:110951. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110951. Epub 2020 Jul 21.
A diet rich in fish and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been thought to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The beneficial effects of fish oil and ω-3 PUFA on CVD can be mediated by epigenetic status of the genes associated with lipid metabolism and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary fish and fatty acid (FA) intakes are associated with leukocyte ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) DNA methylation levels in a Japanese population.
This cross-sectional study included 298 adults (137 men and 161 women) without clinical history of CVD or cancer. The pyrosequencing method was used to measure leukocyte ABCA1 DNA methylation levels. Dietary fish and FA intakes were assessed based on the validated food frequency questionnaire.
Mean ABCA1 DNA methylation levels were significantly lower in the highest fish intake groups (≥5-6/wk) compared with the lowest intake group (≤1-2/wk; P = 0.004). In multivariable linear regression analyses, higher dietary intake of ω-3 PUFAs and ω-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids was significantly associated with decreased levels of ABCA1 DNA methylation (P = 0.001 and 0.005); whereas no significant associations were seen between intake of dietary saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, and ω-6 PUFAs and ABCA1 DNA methylation.
Higher dietary fish and ω-3 PUFA intake were associated with lower ABCA1 DNA levels in a Japanese population. The present results may bring potential insights on biological mechanisms underlying the protective effects of dietary fish and ω-3 PUFA intakes on CVD.
富含鱼类和 ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的饮食被认为可以降低心血管疾病（CVD）的风险。鱼油和 ω-3 PUFA 对 CVD 的有益影响可以通过与脂质代谢和炎症相关的基因的表观遗传状态来介导。本研究旨在调查日本人群中饮食鱼类和脂肪酸（FA）摄入量是否与白细胞三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体 A1（ABCA1）DNA 甲基化水平相关。
这项横断面研究包括 298 名成年人（137 名男性和 161 名女性），他们没有 CVD 或癌症的临床病史。使用焦磷酸测序法测量白细胞 ABCA1 DNA 甲基化水平。根据经过验证的食物频率问卷评估饮食中鱼类和 FA 的摄入量。
与最低摄入量组（≤1-2/周）相比，最高鱼类摄入量组（≥5-6/周）的 ABCA1 DNA 甲基化水平明显较低（P = 0.004）。在多变量线性回归分析中，ω-3 PUFA 和 ω-3 高度不饱和脂肪酸的饮食摄入量较高与 ABCA1 DNA 甲基化水平降低显著相关（P = 0.001 和 0.005）；而饮食中饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和 ω-6 PUFA 与 ABCA1 DNA 甲基化之间没有显著关联。
在日本人群中，较高的饮食鱼类和 ω-3 PUFA 摄入量与较低的 ABCA1 DNA 水平相关。本研究结果可能为饮食中鱼类和 ω-3 PUFA 摄入量对 CVD 的保护作用的生物学机制提供潜在的见解。
