Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Curr Pharm Des. 2021;27(29):3198-3209. doi: 10.2174/1381612826666201012163845.
Subjects affected by ischemic heart disease with non-obstructive coronary arteries constitute a population that has received increasing attention over the past two decades. Since the first studies with coronary angiography, female patients have been reported to have non-obstructive coronary artery disease more frequently than their male counterparts, both in stable and acute clinical settings. Although traditionally considered a relatively infrequent and low-risk form of myocardial ischemia, its impact on clinical practice is undeniable, especially when it comes to infarction, where the prognosis is not as benign as previously assumed. Unfortunately, despite increasing awareness, there are still several questions left unanswered regarding diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide state of the art update on the current evidence available on gender differences in clinical characteristics, management and prognosis of ischemic heart disease with non-obstructive coronary arteries, both in the acute and stable clinical settings.
受非阻塞性冠状动脉疾病影响的缺血性心脏病患者是过去二十年来受到越来越多关注的人群。自首次进行冠状动脉造影研究以来，无论是在稳定还是急性临床环境中，女性患者患非阻塞性冠状动脉疾病的频率都高于男性患者。尽管传统上认为这是一种相对罕见且低风险的心肌缺血形式，但它对临床实践的影响是不可否认的，尤其是在梗死方面，其预后并不像之前假设的那样良性。不幸的是，尽管人们的认识不断提高，但在诊断、风险分层和治疗方面仍存在一些尚未解决的问题。本综述的目的是提供最新的关于非阻塞性冠状动脉疾病的缺血性心脏病在急性和稳定临床环境中，性别差异在临床特征、管理和预后方面的最新证据。
