Ankers P, Bengoumi M
Rev Sci Tech. 2020 Aug;39(2):435-443. doi: 10.20506/rst.39.2.3094.
Complex emergencies, also known as major humanitarian emergencies, differ from emergencies related to natural disasters or major disease outbreaks, in that they are essentially political in nature and will, in most cases, erode the cultural, civil, political and economic stability of societies. They can be exacerbated by natural disasters and eventually require external interventions. National Veterinary Services are usually weakened or partially or totally disrupted. Interventions to support livestock-dependent communities should build on local capacity. Multisector, integrated disaster management plans should be in place and should include not only preparedness and response, but also mitigation, prevention and recovery strategies. National Veterinary Services and their partners should work in close collaboration and are encouraged to look beyond animal-health-related interventions, also addressing access to feed and water, and keeping marketing chains for livestock open. This paper also touches on the specific needs of displaced people, host communities, and pastoralists, as well as addressing disease eradication programmes in the context of complex emergencies.
复杂紧急情况，也被称为重大人道主义紧急情况，与自然灾害或重大疾病暴发相关的紧急情况不同，因为它们本质上具有政治性，并且在大多数情况下会破坏社会的文化、公民、政治和经济稳定。它们可能会因自然灾害而加剧，最终需要外部干预。国家兽医服务通常会被削弱或部分或完全中断。支持依赖牲畜的社区的干预措施应建立在当地能力的基础上。应制定多部门综合灾害管理计划，该计划不仅应包括备灾和应对，还应包括减灾、预防和恢复战略。国家兽医服务机构及其合作伙伴应密切合作，并鼓励他们超越与动物健康相关的干预措施，还要解决饲料和水的获取问题，并保持牲畜销售链的畅通。本文还涉及流离失所者、收容社区和牧民的特殊需求，以及在复杂紧急情况下的疾病根除计划。
