Wallace Laura E, Wegener Duane T, Quinn Madison E, Ross Anna J
The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2021 Jul;47(7):1188-1204. doi: 10.1177/0146167220963678. Epub 2020 Oct 13.
The current research examined how people infer whether novel sources are biased based on their ability to justify their position. Across nine studies, when sources provided weak versus strong arguments, message recipients perceived the source as more biased. This effect held controlling for other possible inferences, such as lack of expertise or untrustworthiness. This research also examined whether perceived source bias on one message can carry over to ambiguously related future persuasive messages. Studies 6 to 8 demonstrated that perceivers use both the perceived bias from an initial message and the argument quality of the second message to determine a source's bias on the new topic. Finally, perceived bias carried over from an initial message can influence persuasion on a second topic (Study 9). Ultimately, the present work provides insight into factors that affect perceived bias and the dynamic consequences of those perceptions.
当前的研究考察了人们如何根据新来源为自己的立场进行辩护的能力来推断其是否存在偏见。在九项研究中，当来源提供的论据薄弱与有力时，信息接收者会认为该来源更有偏见。在控制了其他可能的推断（如缺乏专业知识或不可信）后，这种效应依然存在。这项研究还考察了对一条信息的感知来源偏见是否会延续到未来模棱两可相关的说服性信息中。研究6至8表明，感知者会利用初始信息中的感知偏见和第二条信息的论据质量来确定来源在新话题上的偏见。最后，从初始信息中延续下来的感知偏见会影响对第二个话题的说服效果（研究9）。最终，本研究为影响感知偏见的因素以及这些感知的动态后果提供了见解。
