Graduate School of Bioresources and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan.
Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan.
Food Funct. 2020 Oct 21;11(10):9285-9290. doi: 10.1039/d0fo01184c.
The oral administration of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been shown to affect brain functions. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying GABA-induced gut-brain interactions have not yet been fully elucidated. As the blood-brain barrier is impermeable to GABA, we hypothesized that the gut-brain interaction might be stimulated by some secretory factors derived from the gut. Then we focused on exosomes as a secretory mediator. In the present study, we investigated whether exosomes derived from GABA-treated intestinal cells activate neuronal cells. Our results revealed that secretory factors derived from GABA-treated intestinal cells (Caco-2) activated neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y). Further investigation revealed that exosomes derived from GABA-treated Caco-2 cells were responsible for activating the SH-SY5Y cells. These results suggested that GABA-activated intestinal cells induce the secretion of exosomes that activate neuronal cells. MicroRNAs in the exosomes derived from GABA-treated intestinal cells may play a key role in the activation of neuronal cells.
口服γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）已被证明会影响大脑功能。然而，GABA 诱导的肠-脑相互作用的分子机制尚未完全阐明。由于血脑屏障对 GABA 是不可渗透的，我们假设肠-脑相互作用可能是由源自肠道的某些分泌因子刺激的。然后，我们将重点放在外泌体作为分泌介质上。在本研究中，我们研究了来自 GABA 处理的肠细胞的外泌体是否激活神经元细胞。我们的结果表明，来自 GABA 处理的肠细胞（Caco-2）的分泌因子激活了神经元细胞（SH-SY5Y）。进一步的研究表明，来自 GABA 处理的 Caco-2 细胞的外泌体负责激活 SH-SY5Y 细胞。这些结果表明，GABA 激活的肠细胞诱导分泌激活神经元细胞的外泌体。来自 GABA 处理的肠细胞的外泌体中的 microRNAs 可能在神经元细胞的激活中起关键作用。
