School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
Rev Med Virol. 2021 May;31(3):e2178. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2178. Epub 2020 Oct 13.
Sinonasal inverted papillomas (IPs) are rare tumours arising from the nasal epithelial mucosa. Most lesions are benign, but a subset of IPs progress to dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. Although the epidemiology and clinical features of IPs are well known, the pathogenesis is still unclear. Given the established role of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in the formation of other mucosal tumours including cervical and oropharyngeal cancer, some have suggested the virus may play a role in IP development. However, the association between HPV and IPs has not yet been proven, and the variable detection of HPV DNA in IPs has cast uncertainty on whether the virus plays a major role in pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize early clinical reports and synthesize recent studies that may elucidate the association between HPV and IPs. We also discuss the role HPV may have in the progression of benign IP to dysplasia and malignancy, as well as potential pathological mechanisms. We hope that synthesizing the initial and recent studies on this topic will not only lead to a better understanding of research in the role of HPV in IP development, but also help guide and contextualize future studies.
鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤（IPs）是一种罕见的起源于鼻腔上皮黏膜的肿瘤。大多数病变为良性，但一部分 IP 会进展为发育不良和鳞状细胞癌。尽管 IP 的流行病学和临床特征已广为人知，但发病机制仍不清楚。鉴于人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）在包括宫颈癌和口咽癌在内的其他黏膜肿瘤形成中的既定作用，一些人认为该病毒可能在 IP 发展中起作用。然而，HPV 与 IPs 之间的关联尚未得到证实，并且 HPV DNA 在 IPs 中的可变检测结果使人们对病毒是否在发病机制中起主要作用产生了怀疑。在这篇综述中，我们总结了早期的临床报告，并综合了最近的研究结果，这些研究可能阐明了 HPV 与 IPs 之间的关联。我们还讨论了 HPV 在良性 IP 向发育不良和恶性转化过程中可能发挥的作用，以及潜在的病理机制。我们希望综合该主题的初始和最新研究，不仅能更好地了解 HPV 在 IP 发展中的作用的研究，还能帮助指导和理解未来的研究。
