Zhao Weicheng, Sun Chunxia, Wei Lingling, Chen Wenchan, Wang Bingran, Li Fengjie, Wei Mengdi, Lou Tiancheng, Zhang Pengcheng, Zheng Huanhuan, Chen Changjun, Xiang Zengxu
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095 China.
College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095 China.
Plant Dis. 2021 Aug;105(8):2222-2230. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-20-1246-RE. Epub 2021 Sep 15.
Black spot, caused by , poses a severe threat to the industry of , a Chinese indigenous medicinal herb. Dicarboximide fungicides (DCFs) have been intensively used to control this disease for decades in China, and offer excellent efficacy. The resistance of phytopathogenic pathogens against DCFs are reportedly selected in fields; however, the DCF resistance of from is not well understood. The isolates of with low procymidone resistance (Pro) were detected in the commercial orchards of in China in 2018 and biochemically characterized in this study. The result showed that the Pro isolates were selected in the commercial orchards with a resistance frequency of 100%, and no significant difference in mycelial growth, sporulation, and virulence was observed among the Pro and procymidone-sensitive (Pro) isolates. A positive cross-resistance pattern was exhibited between procymidone and iprodione. Results of amino acid sequence alignment of from the tested isolates showed that all of the Pro genotypes could be categorized into two groups, including group I (mutations at ) and group II (no mutation). Under procymidone (5.0 µg/ml) treatment conditions, the expression levels increased in the Pro isolates and ranged from approximately 2.94- to 3.69-fold higher than those under procymidone-free conditions, while the expressions of the Pro isolates were significantly lower than those in the Pro isolates under the same conditions. The data indicated that the mutations at are involved in the DCF resistance of selected in the orchards.
由[未提及的病原体]引起的黑斑病对中国本土草药[未提及的草药名称]产业构成严重威胁。几十年来，二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂（DCFs）在中国一直被广泛用于控制这种病害，且效果极佳。据报道，植物病原菌对DCFs的抗性在田间已被筛选出来；然而，[未提及的植物名称]对DCFs的抗性尚不清楚。2018年在中国[未提及的产地名称]的商业果园中检测到对腐霉利抗性较低的[未提及的病原菌名称]分离株，并在本研究中对其进行了生化特性分析。结果表明，在商业果园中筛选出了对腐霉利有抗性的分离株，抗性频率为100%，且在对腐霉利有抗性（Pro）和敏感（Pro）的分离株之间，菌丝生长、产孢和毒力方面未观察到显著差异。腐霉利和异菌脲之间呈现出正交互抗性模式。对测试分离株的[未提及的基因名称]氨基酸序列比对结果表明，所有Pro基因型可分为两组，包括I组（[未提及的基因位点]发生突变）和II组（无突变）。在腐霉利（5.0 µg/ml）处理条件下，Pro分离株中[未提及的基因名称]表达水平升高，比无腐霉利条件下高约2.94至3.69倍，而在相同条件下，Pro分离株的[未提及的基因名称]表达显著低于Pro分离株。数据表明，[未提及的基因位点]的突变与在[未提及的产地名称]果园中筛选出的[未提及的病原菌名称]对DCFs的抗性有关。
