Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
INRA, UMR 1225 IHAP, 23 Chemin des Capelles, Toulouse, F31076, France; Université de Toulouse, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, Toulouse, F31076, France.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Mar 1;267:113464. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113464. Epub 2020 Oct 10.
Salt-tolerant plants are well adapted to the harsh conditions of the Mediterranean region, where have been used traditionally as food and medicines for human and animals. In addition, various species are currently recognized as sources of metabolites with pharmacological, cosmetical and nutraceutical interest. Nevertheless, ethnoveterinary data on salt-tolerant plants are dispersed in the literature and there are few discussions on its veterinary potential. Having in mind the rising interest on organic farming, alternatives to chemical substances in livestock production and concern for animal health and welfare practices, these plants may represent an untapped resource for animal management and veterinary purposes. In this sense, the purpose of this work is to summarize the ethnoveterinary knowledge on salt-tolerant plants described in the Mediterranean region, raising awareness to the potential of this group of plants to be used in veterinary science, targeting especially ruminants.
Literature search (2000-2020) was conducted using Web of Science and Science Direct databases. Ethnoveterinary reports (EVR) concerning salt-tolerant plants were summarized and filtered for ruminants. From the final 29 publications, EVR concerning therapeutic uses were categorized according to its ATCvet code and results analyzed.
A total of 221 EVR were identified from 39 plants, belonging to 21 plant families, targetting ruminants. Ten EVR (4.5%) concerned uses of salt-tolerant species as animal feed, while around 75% of therapeutic uses was represented by three categories: alimentary tract and metabolism (QA; n = 75), dermatologicals (QD; n = 53) and genitourinary system and sex hormones (QG; n = 41). Pistacia lentiscus L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter, Plantago major L. and Hordeum vulgare L. were the most cited species in the latter categories.
The ethnoveterinary knowledge on salt-tolerant species hints some plants of veterinary pharmacological potential, but other species deserve further notice. This information should serve as a basis and, coupled with the currently available scientific data on bioactive properties and chemical composition of salt-tolerant species, inspire additional research on the exploitation of this botanical group, as sources of novel products for ruminant nutrition, health and quality of its products.
耐盐植物能很好地适应地中海地区恶劣的环境条件，在该地区，它们一直被传统用作人和动物的食物和药物。此外，各种物种目前被认为是具有药理、美容和营养兴趣的代谢物的来源。然而，关于耐盐植物的民族兽医学数据在文献中分散，关于其兽医潜力的讨论很少。考虑到对有机农业的兴趣日益增加，以及在畜牧业生产中替代化学物质的需求以及对动物健康和福利实践的关注，这些植物可能代表着动物管理和兽医用途的未开发资源。有鉴于此，本工作的目的是总结地中海地区耐盐植物的民族兽医学知识，提高人们对该植物群在兽医科学中应用的潜力的认识，特别是针对反刍动物。
使用 Web of Science 和 Science Direct 数据库进行 2000-2020 年的文献检索。对耐盐植物的民族兽医学报告（EVR）进行了总结和过滤，以针对反刍动物。从最终的 29 篇出版物中，根据其 ATCvet 代码对治疗用途的 EVR 进行了分类，并对结果进行了分析。
从 39 种植物中确定了 221 种 EVR，这些植物属于 21 个植物科，针对反刍动物。10 种 EVR（4.5%）涉及耐盐物种作为动物饲料的用途，而大约 75%的治疗用途由三个类别代表：消化道和新陈代谢（QA；n=75）、皮肤病学（QD；n=53）和生殖泌尿系统和性激素（QG；n=41）。Pistacia lentiscus L.、Foeniculum vulgare Mill.、Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter、Plantago major L.和 Hordeum vulgare L. 是后一类中被引用最多的物种。
耐盐物种的民族兽医学知识暗示了一些具有兽医药理学潜力的植物，但其他物种也值得进一步关注。这些信息应该作为基础，结合目前关于耐盐物种生物活性特性和化学成分的科学数据，激发对该植物群的进一步研究，作为反刍动物营养、健康和产品质量的新型产品来源。
