New York State Department of Health, Louis Calder Center, Armonk, NY.
Louis Calder Center, Fordham University, Armonk, NY.
J Med Entomol. 2021 Mar 12;58(2):676-681. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjaa203.
The Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann, is a species native to eastern Asia that has recently been discovered in the United States. In its native range, H. longicornis transmits pathogens that cause disease in humans and livestock. It is currently unknown whether H. longicornis will act as a vector in the United States. Understanding its seasonal activity patterns will be important in identifying which times of the year represent greatest potential risk to humans and livestock should this species become a threat to animal or public health. A study site was established in Yonkers, NY near the residence associated with the first reported human bite from H. longicornis in the United States. Ticks were collected once each week from July 2018 to November 2019. Haemaphysalis longicornis larvae were most active from August to November, nymphs from April to July, and adult females from June to September. This pattern of activity suggests that H. longicornis is capable of completing a generation within a single year and matches the patterns observed in its other ranges in the northern hemisphere. The data presented here contribute to a growing database for H. longicornis phenology in the northeastern United States. Potential implications of the short life cycle for the tick's vectorial capacity are discussed.
亚洲璃眼蜱，Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann，原产于东亚，最近在美国被发现。在其原生范围内，H. longicornis 传播可导致人类和牲畜患病的病原体。目前尚不清楚 H. longicornis 是否会在美国充当媒介。了解其季节性活动模式对于确定该物种是否对动物或公共卫生构成威胁，以及在一年中的哪些时间对人类和牲畜构成最大潜在风险将非常重要。在纽约扬克斯市建立了一个研究点，该地点靠近美国首例报告的人被 H. longicornis 咬伤的住所。从 2018 年 7 月到 2019 年 11 月，每周收集一次蜱虫。H. longicornis 幼虫的活动最活跃时间为 8 月至 11 月，若虫为 4 月至 7 月，成年雌性为 6 月至 9 月。这种活动模式表明，H. longicornis 能够在一年内完成一个世代，与在其北半球其他范围内观察到的模式相匹配。这里呈现的数据有助于美国东北部 H. longicornis 物候学不断增长的数据库。讨论了蜱虫短生命周期对其媒介能力的潜在影响。
