Kuliński Włodzisław, Nowicka Adela
COLLEGIUM MEDICUM, JAN KOCHANOWSKI UNIVERSITY, KIELCE, POLAND; DEPARTMENT OF REHABILITATION, MILITARY INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE, WARSAW, POLAND.
COLLEGIUM MEDICUM, JAN KOCHANOWSKI UNIVERSITY, KIELCE, POLAND.
Wiad Lek. 2020;73(8):1620-1625.
Introduction: Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder characterised by abnormal development in the first two years of life and impairment with respect to the following three areas: social interactions, communication, and behaviour. The disorder is more common in males than females. The aim: The study was conducted to assess the effects of sensory integration therapy on selected fitness skills in autistic children.
Material and methods: The study assessed a group of 20 children (15 boys and 5 girls) aged 3 to 10 years. All children were diagnosed with autism and underwent 2-year therapy. The children showed impaired sensory modulation with abnormal stimulus reception and processing in the tactile, auditory, vestibular (balance), olfactory, and gustatory sensory systems. The study assessed fitness skills and their correlations with sensory integration therapy used in the children. The assessment used the Sensorimotor Development Questionnaire developed by Zbigniew Przyrowski and selected tests from "Obserwacja Kliniczna" as well as history-taking conducted with the parents. The following aspects were analysed: muscle tone, static balance, dynamic balance, jumping on two legs, jumping on one leg, catching and throwing a ball, and self-care activities, such as putting on shoes.
Results: Sensory integration therapy contributed to an improvement in motor, sensory, cognitive, emotional, communication, and social development in the study patients.
Conclusion: The use of sensory integration effectively supports sensory processes in autistic children.
引言：自闭症是一种广泛性发育障碍，其特征是在生命的头两年出现异常发育，并在以下三个方面存在缺陷：社交互动、沟通和行为。该障碍在男性中比女性更常见。目的：本研究旨在评估感觉统合疗法对自闭症儿童特定体能技能的影响。
材料与方法：本研究评估了一组20名年龄在3至10岁的儿童（15名男孩和5名女孩）。所有儿童均被诊断为自闭症并接受了2年的治疗。这些儿童表现出感觉调节受损，在触觉、听觉、前庭（平衡）、嗅觉和味觉感觉系统中存在异常的刺激接收和处理。该研究评估了体能技能及其与儿童所使用的感觉统合疗法的相关性。评估使用了兹比格涅夫·普日罗夫斯基编制的感觉运动发展问卷以及从《临床观察》中选取的测试，同时还与家长进行了病史采集。分析了以下方面：肌张力、静态平衡、动态平衡、双腿跳跃、单腿跳跃、接球和投球以及自我护理活动，如穿鞋。
结果：感觉统合疗法有助于改善本研究患者的运动、感觉、认知、情感、沟通和社交发展。
结论：感觉统合的运用有效地支持了自闭症儿童的感觉过程。
