Tietz D
J Chromatogr. 1987 Jul 17;418:305-44. doi: 10.1016/0378-4347(87)80013-0.
The review describes the application of gel electrophoresis to the characterization and separation of viruses, ribosomes, vesicles and other subcellular particles. The preparation of the sample, the choice of the buffer, the gel medium, the apparatus and the detection of the particle (staining and scanning) as well as the necessary theory are discussed. This includes the mathematical evaluation of experimental data on the basis of Ferguson plots using the extended Ogston theory. Simple methods and sophisticated computer simulation techniques are described and exemplified in application to the determination of particle size and charge, the pore size of the gel (unpublished data) and the two-dimensional agarose electrophoresis (unpublished). It is shown that the nature of the particle (e.g. spherical or rod-shaped, pliable or rigid texture) determines the shape of the non-linear Ferguson plot. In addition, the review gives a number of practical applications of gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, titration curves and immuno-electrophoresis to subcellular particles. Pros and cons are evaluated. A comparison with other analytical procedures is made. The review is concluded by a futuristic outlook.
这篇综述描述了凝胶电泳在病毒、核糖体、囊泡及其他亚细胞颗粒的表征和分离中的应用。文中讨论了样品制备、缓冲液选择、凝胶介质、仪器以及颗粒检测（染色和扫描），还阐述了必要的理论。这包括基于扩展的奥格斯顿理论，利用弗格森图对实验数据进行数学评估。文中描述了简单方法和复杂的计算机模拟技术，并举例说明了它们在颗粒大小和电荷测定、凝胶孔径（未发表数据）以及二维琼脂糖电泳（未发表）中的应用。结果表明，颗粒的性质（如球形或棒状、柔韧或刚性质地）决定了非线性弗格森图的形状。此外，该综述还介绍了凝胶电泳、等电聚焦、滴定曲线和免疫电泳在亚细胞颗粒方面的一些实际应用，并评估了其优缺点。同时与其他分析方法进行了比较。综述最后展望了未来。
