Marusik Yuri M, Nadolny Anton A
Institute for Biological Problems of the North RAS, Portovaya Str. 18, Magadan 685000, Russia. Department of Zoology Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, FI-20014 University of Turku, Finland.
Zootaxa. 2020 Oct 5;4859(1):zootaxa.4859.1.2. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4859.1.2.
Specimens belonging to Trochosa hispanica Simon, 1870 collected in different parts of the range were compared to determine whether they belong to the same species or represent a series of cryptic species. No significant differences were found between different populations. Most of the females examined have a kind of mating plug blocking the pathway of embolus, but not the copulatory openings like in other spiders. A character previously unknown in the Lycosidae, a row of glabrous cuticular spots on male tibia I, is documented. The holotype female of Trochosa adjacens O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 from SW Xinjiang is illustrated for the first time. Three species described in three different genera in the same paper are synonymized with Trochosa hispanica: Arctosa nava Roewer, 1955 syn. n., Geolycosa flavichelis Roewer, 1955 syn. n., and Loculla austrocaspia Roewer, 1955 syn. n. Two species treated in Trochosa C.L. Koch, 1847 and Trochosula Roewer, 1960 are synonymized with Arctosa tbilisiensis Mcheidze, 1946: Trochosa impercussa Roewer, 1955 syn. n. and Trochosula afghana Roewer, 1960 syn. n. Three species are synonymized with Hogna ferox (Lucas, 1838): Geolycosa altera Roewer, 1955 syn. n., Geolycosa atroscopulata Roewer, 1955 syn. n., and Lycorma nigrichelis Roewer, 1955 syn. n. Lycosa (Trochosa) ochracea L. Koch, 1856 syn. n. from Spain, a species known by two taxonomic entries, is synonymized with Trochosa ruricola (De Geer, 1778). Trochosa hungarica Herman, 1879, a species known from a single publication, seems to belong to Geolycosa Montgomery, 1904 and is potentially a junior synonym of G. vultuosa (C.L. Koch, 1838). Pardosa persica (Roewer, 1955) comb. n., originally described in Dingosa Roewer, 1955, is transferred from Trochosa to Pardosa and belongs to the nebulosa-group. A new secondary homonym, Pardosa persica Marusik, Ballarin Omelko, 2012, hom. n. is replaced with Pardosa persiana nom. n. in the monticola-group. Four species of Trochosa from Northern Africa are transferred to Alopecosa and Arctosa: Alopecosa garamantica (Caporiacco, 1936) comb. n., Alopecosa werneri (Roewer, 1960) comb. n., Arctosa annulipes (L. Koch, 1875) comb. n., and Arctosa tangerana (Roewer, 1960) comb. n. Trochosomma Roewer, 1960 syn. n. (type species Trochosa annulipes L. Koch, 1875) is removed from synonymy with Trochosa and synonymized with Arctosa C.L. Koch, 1847. Male lectotypes are designated for Arctosa nava Roewer, 1955, Geolycosa atroscopulata Roewer, 1955, and Trochosa rustica Thorell, 1875; female lectotype is designated for Geolycosa flavichelis Roewer, 1955.
对在该分布范围不同区域采集的1870年西班牙曲腹蛛（Trochosa hispanica Simon）标本进行比较，以确定它们是否属于同一物种或代表一系列隐存种。不同种群之间未发现显著差异。大多数被检查的雌蛛有一种交配栓阻塞栓管通道，但不像其他蜘蛛那样阻塞交配孔。记录了狼蛛科中一个以前未知的特征，即雄性第一胫节上有一排无毛的表皮斑点。首次对来自中国新疆西南部的1885年毗邻曲腹蛛（Trochosa adjacens O. Pickard-Cambridge）的正模雌蛛进行了图示。同一篇论文中在三个不同属中描述的三个物种被认定为西班牙曲腹蛛的同物异名：1955年的纳瓦熊蛛（Arctosa nava Roewer）新同物异名、1955年的黄螯地蛛（Geolycosa flavichelis Roewer）新同物异名和1955年的南里海洛蛛（Loculla austrocaspia Roewer）新同物异名。1847年C.L. 科赫（C.L. Koch）的曲腹蛛属（Trochosa）和1960年罗韦尔（Roewer）的曲腹蛛亚属（Trochosula）中处理的两个物种被认定为1946年第比利斯熊蛛（Arctosa tbilisiensis Mcheidze）的同物异名：1955年的无惊曲腹蛛（Trochosa impercussa Roewer）新同物异名和1960年的阿富汗曲腹蛛亚属（Trochosula afghana Roewer）新同物异名。三个物种被认定为凶猛獾蛛（Hogna ferox (Lucas, 1838)）的同物异名：1955年的变异地蛛（Geolycosa altera Roewer）新同物异名、1955年的黑视地蛛（Geolycosa atroscopulata Roewer）新同物异名和1955年的黑螯狼蛛（Lycorma nigrichelis Roewer）新同物异名。1856年来自西班牙的赭色曲腹蛛（Lycosa (Trochosa) ochracea L. Koch）新同物异名，一个有两个分类学记录的物种，被认定为田野曲腹蛛（Trochosa ruricola (De Geer, 1778)）的同物异名。1879年的匈牙利曲腹蛛（Trochosa hungarica Herman），一个仅在单一出版物中被提及的物种，似乎属于1904年的蒙氏地蛛属（Geolycosa Montgomery），可能是18三月虎斑地蛛（G. vultuosa (C.L. Koch, 1838)）的次异名。1955年最初在丁氏蛛属（Dingosa Roewer）中描述的波斯豹蛛（Pardosa persica (Roewer, 1955)）新组合，从曲腹蛛属转移到豹蛛属，属于云豹蛛组（nebulosa-group）。一个新的次生同名物种，2012年的波斯豹蛛（Pardosa persica Marusik, Ballarin & Omelko）同名异物，在高山豹蛛组（monticola-group）中被波斯豹蛛（Pardosa persiana）新名称取代。来自北非的四种曲腹蛛被转移到艾氏豹蛛属（Alopecosa）和熊蛛属（Arctosa）：1936年的加拉曼特艾氏豹蛛（Alopecosa garamantica (Caporiacco)）新组合、1960年的韦氏艾氏豹蛛（Alopecosa werneri (Roewer)）新组合、1875年的环纹熊蛛（Arctosa annulipes (L. Koch)）新组合和1960年的丹吉尔熊蛛（Arctosa tangerana (Roewer)）新组合。1960年的曲腹蛛形蛛属（Trochosomma Roewer）新同物异名（模式种为1875年的环纹曲腹蛛（Trochosa annulipes L. Koch））不再作为曲腹蛛属（Trochosa）的同物异名，而被认定为1847年C.L. 科赫（C.L. Koch）的熊蛛属（Arctosa）的同物异名。为以下物种指定了雄性选模：1955年的纳瓦熊蛛（Arctosa nava Roewer）、1955年的黑视地蛛（Geolycosa atroscopulata Roewer）和1875年的粗腿曲腹蛛（Trochosa rustica Thorell）；为1955年的黄螯地蛛（Geolycosa flavichelis Roewer）指定了雌性选模。
