Sasakawa KÔji, Berlov Oleg, Okuzaki Yutaka
Laboratory of Zoology, Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan..
Zootaxa. 2020 Aug 6;4822(3):zootaxa.4822.3.6. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.6.
The ground beetle genus Pterostichus Bonelli has diversified in regions including the Far East, but taxonomic issues remain even at the species level. This study presents taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in three species of Pterostichus from the Far East: P. (Petrophilus) eximius Morawitz, P. (Lenapterus) wellschmiedi Kirschenhofer, and P. (L.) subrugosus Straneo. The analyses are based on comparative studies of the endophallus of male genitalia, which is taxonomically useful in Carabidae but has not been examined in these species. The first species, P. eximius, has been treated as a monotypic species that is widely distributed in Eastern Siberia, the Russian Far East, and adjacent regions, but our results revealed that populations from Rishiri-tô and the Sakhalin islands are distinct from the nominotypical population from Transbaikalia. The name for the Sakhalin population, which was synonymized with P. eximius, is reinstated as subspecies P. eximius sachalinensis stat. nov., and the Rishiri-tô population is described as Pterostichus eximius rishiridakensis ssp. nov. Conspecificity (syn. nov.) was confirmed for P. wellschmiedi, which was described from southern Sakhalin, and P. marginatus Matsumura, which was described earlier from southern Sakhalin. No conspicuous differences in the endophallus structure were found between P. subrugosus, which was described from Hokkaidô, and P. marginatus, although differences are recognized in the elytral sculptures and in the metallic luster of the dorsal surface. The taxon was thus downgraded to subspecies P. marginatus subrugosus stat. nov.
步甲属（Pterostichus Bonelli）在包括远东地区在内的多个区域实现了多样化，但即便在物种层面，分类学问题依然存在。本研究呈现了来自远东地区的三种步甲（Pterostichus）的分类和命名变化：卓越步甲（P. (Petrophilus) eximius Morawitz）、韦氏步甲（P. (Lenapterus) wellschmiedi Kirschenhofer）以及细纹步甲（P. (L.) subrugosus Straneo）。分析基于对雄性生殖器内阳茎的比较研究，内阳茎在步甲科分类中具有重要作用，但此前尚未在这些物种中进行过研究。第一种卓越步甲，曾被视为单型物种，广泛分布于东西伯利亚、俄罗斯远东地区及相邻区域，但我们的研究结果表明，利尻岛和萨哈林岛的种群与外贝加尔地区的指名种群有所不同。萨哈林岛种群曾被视为卓越步甲的同物异名，现恢复为卓越步甲萨哈林亚种（P. eximius sachalinensis stat. nov.），利尻岛种群则被描述为卓越步甲利尻岛亚种（Pterostichus eximius rishiridakensis ssp. nov.）。从萨哈林岛南部描述的韦氏步甲与更早从萨哈林岛南部描述的松村步甲（P. marginatus Matsumura）被确认为同种（syn. nov.）。从北海道描述的细纹步甲与松村步甲在内阳茎结构上未发现明显差异，尽管在鞘翅纹饰和背面金属光泽上存在差异。因此，该分类单元被降为松村步甲细纹亚种（P. marginatus subrugosus stat. nov.）。
