Sasakawa Kôji
Laboratory of Zoology, Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan Chiba University Chiba Japan.
Zookeys. 2020 Jan 13;902:37-60. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.902.46531. eCollection 2020.
Nebria (Falcinebria) reflexa Bates (Carabidae), a Japanese endemic flightless ground beetle, is geographically polytypic and was thought to be composed of four subspecies (including nominotypical subspecies). Populations from Honshû recognized as three subspecies were taxonomically revised based primarily on the shape of the endophallus, a membranous inner sac everted from the aedeagus. Three known taxa, , Bates, and Nakane, are redefined based on endophallus morphology, and the latter two are described as distinct species rather than subspecies of . Seven new species are described: , , , , , , and Comparative morphology, primarily of the endophallus, indicated that , , , and form basal lineages, and the remaining six species form a clade in which and are sister taxa. Species phylogeny and known distributions suggest that the initial diversification of these species occurred in the western Chûbu and eastern Kinki regions of Japan.
日本特有且不会飞的步甲科昆虫内华步甲（镰内华步甲）在地理上具有多型性，曾被认为由四个亚种组成（包括指名亚种）。主要基于阳茎内囊（从阳茎外翻出的膜质内囊）的形状，对本州岛被认定为三个亚种的种群进行了分类修订。根据阳茎内囊形态重新定义了三个已知分类单元，即贝茨氏步甲、中根氏步甲，后两者被描述为独立的物种，而非贝茨氏步甲的亚种。描述了七个新物种：、、、、、、和。主要基于阳茎内囊的比较形态学表明，、、、和构成基部谱系，其余六个物种形成一个分支，其中和是姐妹分类单元。物种系统发育和已知分布表明，这些物种最初的分化发生在日本中部西部和近畿东部地区。
