Cohen Philip R, Calame Antoanella
San Diego Family Dermatology, National City, CA, USA.
Compass Dermatopathology, San Diego, CA, USA.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2020 Sep 29;13:731-741. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S259324. eCollection 2020.
Multiple skin neoplasms at one site (MUSK IN A NEST), initially referred to as a collision tumor, describes the occurrence of two or more benign or malignant neoplasms that are adjacent or intermingled at the same cutaneous site. A mononeoplastic cutaneous tumor refers to a single tumor at any cutaneous site. Two, three, four, five, and six tumors at the same site are described as dineoplastic, trineoplastic, tetraneoplastic, pentaneoplastic, and hexaneoplastic cutaneous tumors, respectively; the prefixes are based on the numerical multiplier used by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). MUSK IN A NEST can be classified based upon their mechanism of pathogenesis-either being composed of mixed clones of cells (clonalium, which has three subtypes: collision, colonization, and combination) or the same clone of cells that has undergone clonal evolution (clonalidem, which has one subtype: biphenotypic). Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)-associated MUSK IN A NEST can be observed with either benign tumors, malignant tumors, or both. Nevi and seborrheic keratoses are the most common benign tumors associated with BCC; melanoma in situ and invasive melanoma are the most commonly reported malignant tumors associated with BCC. The definitive etiology of BCC-associated MUSK IN A NEST remains to be established-whether the development of the BCC at that site occurs as a direct or indirect consequence of the coexisting neoplasm or whether the occurrence of the BCC and the other neoplasm is merely the result of a coincidental juxtaposition of the tumors.
同一部位的多发性皮肤肿瘤(“巢中之群”),最初被称为碰撞瘤,描述的是在同一皮肤部位相邻或相互混杂出现的两种或更多良性或恶性肿瘤。单发性皮肤肿瘤指的是任何皮肤部位的单个肿瘤。同一部位出现两个、三个、四个、五个和六个肿瘤分别被称为双发性、三发性、四发性、五发性和六发性皮肤肿瘤;这些前缀基于国际纯粹与应用化学联合会(IUPAC)使用的数字乘数。“巢中之群”可根据其发病机制进行分类——要么由混合细胞克隆组成(克隆群,有三种亚型:碰撞型、定植型和组合型),要么由经历了克隆进化的同一细胞克隆组成(克隆异质型,有一个亚型:双表型)。与基底细胞癌(BCC)相关的“巢中之群”可见于良性肿瘤、恶性肿瘤或两者皆有。痣和脂溢性角化病是与BCC相关的最常见良性肿瘤;原位黑色素瘤和浸润性黑色素瘤是与BCC相关最常报告的恶性肿瘤。与BCC相关的“巢中之群”的确切病因仍有待确定——该部位BCC的发生是共存肿瘤的直接或间接后果,还是BCC与其他肿瘤的出现仅仅是肿瘤巧合并列的结果。