Engidaw Nigus Alemnew, Asefa Eyosiyas Yeshialem, Belayneh Zelalem, Wubetu Abate Dargie
College of Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Health and Medical Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
Depress Res Treat. 2020 Sep 26;2020:7917965. doi: 10.1155/2020/7917965. eCollection 2020.
Stigma resistance is the capacity to cope and remain unaffected by mental illness stigmatization. In bipolar patients, having low stigma resistance may result in a higher internalized stigma, low self-esteem, and poor treatment outcome. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of stigma resistance among bipolar patients is not well known. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of stigma resistance and its associated factors among bipolar patients at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 8 to June 14, 2016, at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. The study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. The stigma resistance subscale of the internalized stigma of mental illness was used to measure stigma resistance. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was computed to identify factors associated with stigma resistance. Accordingly, variables with values of less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant predictors of stigma resistance with a 95% confidence interval.
In this study, 418 participants completed the interview with a response rate of 98.8%. The prevalence of low stigma resistance was 56.9% (95%CI = 51.9-61.6%). Being unemployed (AOR = 1.65; 95%CI = 1.35-1.87), high internalized stigma (AOR = 3.04; 95%CI = 1.83-5.05) and low self-esteem (AOR = 2.13; 95%CI = 1.72-6.76) were significantly associated with low stigma resistance. . More than half of the bipolar patients attending the Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital had low stigma resistance. Therefore, stigma reduction programs have focused on improving self-esteem and reducing internalized stigma to increase their stigma resistance. Mental health information dissemination regarding community support and reengagement of people with bipolar disorder is highly recommended.
抗污名能力是应对精神疾病污名化并保持不受其影响的能力。在双相情感障碍患者中，抗污名能力较低可能会导致更高的内化污名、低自尊和较差的治疗效果。在埃塞俄比亚，双相情感障碍患者中抗污名能力的患病率尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴阿马努埃尔精神专科医院双相情感障碍患者的抗污名能力患病率及其相关因素。
2016年5月8日至6月14日，在阿马努埃尔精神专科医院进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。研究参与者采用系统随机抽样技术选取。使用精神疾病内化污名的抗污名分量表来测量抗污名能力。计算双变量和多变量逻辑回归以确定与抗污名能力相关的因素。因此，p值小于0.05的变量被视为抗污名能力的统计学显著预测因素，置信区间为95%。
在本研究中，418名参与者完成了访谈，回复率为98.8%。低抗污名能力的患病率为56.9%（95%CI = 51.9 - 61.6%）。失业（优势比 = 1.65；95%CI = 1.35 - 1.87）、高内化污名（优势比 = 3.04；95%CI = 1.83 - 5.05）和低自尊（优势比 = 2.13；95%CI = 1.72 - 6.76）与低抗污名能力显著相关。在阿马努埃尔精神专科医院就诊的双相情感障碍患者中，超过一半的人抗污名能力较低。因此，减少污名的项目应侧重于提高自尊和减少内化污名，以增强他们的抗污名能力。强烈建议传播有关社区支持和双相情感障碍患者重新融入社会的心理健康信息。
