Institute for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; email:
German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Annu Rev Physiol. 2021 Feb 10;83:59-81. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-031120-103629. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
The regenerative capacity of the heart has long fascinated scientists. In contrast to other organs such as liver, skin, and skeletal muscle, the heart possesses only a minimal regenerative capacity. It lacks a progenitor cell population, and cardiomyocytes exit the cell cycle shortly after birth and do not re-enter after injury. Thus, any loss of cardiomyocytes is essentially irreversible and can lead to or exaggerate heart failure, which represents a major public health problem. New therapeutic options are urgently needed, but regenerative therapies have remained an unfulfilled promise in cardiovascular medicine until today. Yet, through a clearer comprehension of signaling pathways that regulate the cardiomyocyte cell cycle and advances in stem cell technology, strategies have evolved that demonstrate the potential to generate new myocytes and thereby fulfill an essential central criterion for heart repair.
心脏的再生能力一直令科学家着迷。与肝脏、皮肤和骨骼肌等其他器官不同，心脏的再生能力非常有限。它缺乏祖细胞群体，心肌细胞在出生后不久就退出细胞周期，并且在损伤后不会重新进入。因此，任何心肌细胞的损失基本上都是不可逆的，并且可能导致或加剧心力衰竭，这是一个主要的公共卫生问题。迫切需要新的治疗选择，但直到今天，再生疗法在心血管医学中仍然是一个未实现的承诺。然而，通过更清楚地了解调节心肌细胞细胞周期的信号通路以及干细胞技术的进步，已经出现了一些策略，这些策略显示出产生新的心肌细胞的潜力，从而满足心脏修复的一个基本核心标准。
