National Center for Coastal Research, Chennai 600100, India.
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research,Tamil Nadu 603102, India.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2020 Dec;161(Pt A):111712. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111712. Epub 2020 Oct 13.
The objective of the present study was to conduct an ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals in the seawater of the southeast coast of India. The distribution profile of heavy metals in the surface seawater was Fe (79.60 ± 21.57 μg/L) > Zn (9.31 ± 1.33 μg/L) > Cu (5.19 ± 2.00 μg/L) > Ni (2.45 ± 0.76 μg/L) > Mn (1.20 ± 1.00 μg/L) > U (0.44 ± 0.23 μg/L) > Pb (0.36 ± 0.06 μg/L) > Cr (0.31 ± 0.57 μg/L) > Cd (0.11 ± 0.05 μg/L) > Co (0.07 ± 0.20 μg/L). Cu level for most of the samples exceeded the USEPA criteria for acute CMC (criterion maximum concentration) and chronic CCC (criterion continuous concentration). Other studied metals, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Ni, remained below the acute CMC and chronic CCC guidelines. The seawater pollution index (I) of Cr, Ni, Zn, Cd, and Pb complied with the category-I seawater (<1, unpolluted). The ERI values (0.46-3.99) of the seawater of the studied coast mostly fell under the ecologically low risk category with respect to heavy metals. Dermal Hazard index values were orders of magnitude lower than one, indicating no potential health concern due to dermal exposure.
本研究旨在对印度东南海岸海水重金属进行生态和健康风险评估。表层海水中重金属的分布特征为：Fe（79.60±21.57μg/L）>Zn（9.31±1.33μg/L）>Cu（5.19±2.00μg/L）>Ni（2.45±0.76μg/L）>Mn（1.20±1.00μg/L）>U（0.44±0.23μg/L）>Pb（0.36±0.06μg/L）>Cr（0.31±0.57μg/L）>Cd（0.11±0.05μg/L）>Co（0.07±0.20μg/L）。大部分样品的 Cu 含量超过了美国环保署针对急性 CMC（最大浓度标准）和慢性 CCC（连续浓度标准）的标准。其他研究的金属 Cd、Cr、Pb 和 Ni 仍低于急性 CMC 和慢性 CCC 准则。海水污染指数（I）中 Cr、Ni、Zn、Cd 和 Pb 符合 I 类海水（<1，无污染）。研究海岸海水的 ERI 值（0.46-3.99）主要属于重金属生态低风险类别。皮肤危害指数值远低于 1，表明由于皮肤接触，不存在潜在的健康问题。
