Ballauff Johannes, Zemp Delphine Clara, Schneider Dominik, Irawan Bambang, Daniel Rolf, Polle Andrea
Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
Microorganisms. 2020 Oct 13;8(10):1577. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8101577.
Financially profitable large-scale cultivation of oil palm monocultures in previously diverse tropical rain forest areas constitutes a major ecological crisis today. Not only is a large proportion of the aboveground diversity lost, but the belowground soil microbiome, which is important for the sustainability of soil function, is massively altered. Intermixing oil palms with native tree species promotes vegetation biodiversity and stand structural complexity in plantations, but the impact on soil fungi remains unknown. Here, we analyzed the diversity and community composition of soil fungi three years after tree diversity enrichment in an oil palm plantation in Sumatra (Indonesia). We tested the effects of tree diversity, stand structural complexity indices, and soil abiotic conditions on the diversity and community composition of soil fungi. We hypothesized that the enrichment experiment alters the taxonomic and functional community composition, promoting soil fungal diversity. Fungal community composition was affected by soil abiotic conditions (pH, N, and P), but not by tree diversity and stand structural complexity indices. These results suggest that intensive land use and abiotic filters are a legacy to fungal communities, overshadowing the structuring effects of the vegetation, at least in the initial years after enrichment plantings.
在先前多样的热带雨林地区进行经济上有利可图的大规模油棕单一栽培，构成了当今重大的生态危机。不仅地上大部分生物多样性丧失，而且对土壤功能可持续性至关重要的地下土壤微生物群落也发生了巨大改变。将油棕与本地树种混种可促进种植园中的植被生物多样性和林分结构复杂性，但对土壤真菌的影响仍不清楚。在此，我们分析了印度尼西亚苏门答腊一个油棕种植园中树木多样性增加三年后的土壤真菌多样性和群落组成。我们测试了树木多样性、林分结构复杂性指数和土壤非生物条件对土壤真菌多样性和群落组成的影响。我们假设富集实验改变了分类和功能群落组成，促进了土壤真菌多样性。真菌群落组成受土壤非生物条件（pH值、氮和磷）影响，但不受树木多样性和林分结构复杂性指数影响。这些结果表明，高强度土地利用和非生物过滤是真菌群落的遗留问题，至少在富集种植后的最初几年里，掩盖了植被的构建作用。
