Kerfahi Dorsaf, Tripathi Binu M, Lee Junghoon, Edwards David P, Adams Jonathan M
Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
PLoS One. 2014 Nov 18;9(11):e111525. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111525. eCollection 2014.
Tropical forests are being rapidly altered by logging, and cleared for agriculture. Understanding the effects of these land use changes on soil fungi, which play vital roles in the soil ecosystem functioning and services, is a major conservation frontier. Using 454-pyrosequencing of the ITS1 region of extracted soil DNA, we compared communities of soil fungi between unlogged, once-logged, and twice-logged rainforest, and areas cleared for oil palm, in Sabah, Malaysia. Overall fungal community composition differed significantly between forest and oil palm plantation. The OTU richness and Chao 1 were higher in forest, compared to oil palm plantation. As a proportion of total reads, Basidiomycota were more abundant in forest soil, compared to oil palm plantation soil. The turnover of fungal OTUs across space, true β-diversity, was also higher in forest than oil palm plantation. Ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungal abundance was significantly different between land uses, with highest relative abundance (out of total fungal reads) observed in unlogged forest soil, lower abundance in logged forest, and lowest in oil palm. In their entirety, these results indicate a pervasive effect of conversion to oil palm on fungal community structure. Such wholesale changes in fungal communities might impact the long-term sustainability of oil palm agriculture. Logging also has more subtle long term effects, on relative abundance of EcM fungi, which might affect tree recruitment and nutrient cycling. However, in general the logged forest retains most of the diversity and community composition of unlogged forest.
热带森林正因伐木而迅速改变，并被开垦用于农业。了解这些土地利用变化对土壤真菌的影响是一个重要的保护前沿领域，因为土壤真菌在土壤生态系统功能和服务中发挥着至关重要的作用。我们利用提取的土壤DNA的ITS1区域进行454焦磷酸测序，比较了马来西亚沙巴州未砍伐、砍伐一次和砍伐两次的雨林以及开垦为油棕种植园的地区的土壤真菌群落。森林和油棕种植园之间的真菌群落总体组成存在显著差异。与油棕种植园相比，森林中的OTU丰富度和Chao 1指数更高。作为总读数的比例，担子菌门在森林土壤中比在油棕种植园土壤中更为丰富。真菌OTU在空间上的周转率，即真正的β多样性，在森林中也高于油棕种植园。外生菌根（EcM）真菌的丰度在不同土地利用类型之间存在显著差异，在未砍伐的森林土壤中观察到相对丰度最高（占真菌总读数），在砍伐后的森林中丰度较低，在油棕种植园中最低。总体而言，这些结果表明转化为油棕对真菌群落结构具有普遍影响。真菌群落的这种全面变化可能会影响油棕农业的长期可持续性。伐木对EcM真菌的相对丰度也有更微妙的长期影响，这可能会影响树木的更新和养分循环。然而，一般来说，砍伐后的森林保留了未砍伐森林的大部分多样性和群落组成。
