Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea.
Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Jan 1;166:45-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.054. Epub 2020 Oct 15.
Streptococcus mutans is a gram-positive bacterium that causes tooth decay. The exopolyssacharides, mostly glucans synthesized by the bacterium are responsible for establishing pathogenic bio-films associated with dental caries disease. The regulatory immune and inflammatory reactions implicated by the synthesized glucans are still not clearly understood. In this study, a water-soluble exopolyssacharide (WSP) was extracted from culture of Str. mutans. The structural properties of WSP, [α-(1 → 3, 1 → 6)-D-glucan] were confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the effects of WSP on the global gene expression of the macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells were analyzed using mRNA-seq analysis. Using Gene Ontology analysis, we compiled a total of 24,421 genes that were upregulated or downregulated by more than 5.0-fold and 0.3-fold, respectively. Most of the transcripts were grouped under immune response and inflammation-related gene categories. Among the 802 immunity-related genes analyzed, chemokine ligand 7 (Ccl7), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were upregulated after WSP exposure. In addition, among a total of 344 genes related to inflammation, Ccl7, IL-1α and IL-6 were upregulated. These results suggest that [α-(1 → 3, 1 → 6)-D-glucan] from Str. mutans produces activates macrophages and may contribute to the immune and inflammatory response to periodontal disease.
变形链球菌是一种革兰氏阳性菌，可导致龋齿。该菌合成的胞外多聚糖主要是葡聚糖，负责建立与龋齿病相关的致病生物膜。葡聚糖合成所涉及的调节免疫和炎症反应仍不明确。本研究从变形链球菌培养物中提取了一种水溶性胞外多聚糖（WSP）。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱和 C 核磁共振光谱法证实了 WSP 的结构特性为 [α-(1 → 3, 1 → 6)-D-葡聚糖]。此外，使用 mRNA-seq 分析研究了 WSP 对巨噬细胞样 RAW 264.7 细胞的全基因表达的影响。通过基因本体论分析，我们共整理出 24421 个基因，分别上调或下调超过 5.0 倍和 0.3 倍。大多数转录物被归类为免疫反应和炎症相关基因类别。在分析的 802 个与免疫相关的基因中，趋化因子配体 7（Ccl7）、白细胞介素 1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素 1α（IL-1α）和白细胞介素 6（IL-6）在 WSP 暴露后上调。此外，在总共 344 个与炎症相关的基因中，Ccl7、IL-1α 和 IL-6 上调。这些结果表明，变形链球菌的[α-(1 → 3, 1 → 6)-D-葡聚糖]可激活巨噬细胞，并可能有助于牙周病的免疫和炎症反应。
