Hogg Russell, Lacruz Rodrigo, Bromage Timothy G, Dean M Christopher, Ramirez-Rozzi Fernando, Girimurugan Senthil Balaji, McGrosky Amanda, Schwartz Gary T
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Blvd South, Ft. Myers, FL, 33965, USA.
Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 E. 24th St., New York, NY, 10010, USA.
J Hum Evol. 2020 Dec;149:102896. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102896. Epub 2020 Oct 15.
Recent studies have provided great insight into hominin life history evolution by utilizing incremental lines found in dental tissues to reconstruct and compare the growth records of extant and extinct humans versus other ape taxa. Among the hominins, studies that have examined Retzius periodicity (RP) variation have come to contradictory conclusions in some instances. To clarify RP variation among hominins and better place this variation in its broader evolutionary context, we conduct the most comprehensive analysis of published RP values for hominins and great apes to date. We gathered all available data from the literature on RP data from extant humans, great apes, and fossil hominins and assessed their variation using parametric and nonparametric analyses of variance. We also performed phylogenetic generalized least-squares regressions of RP data for these taxa as well as a larger set of hominoids for which RP data have been published against data for body mass, encephalization, and mean semicircular canal radius (a proxy for metabolic rate). Our results show that modern humans have a mean RP significantly differing from that of other hominins. Pongo also is significantly different from nearly all other taxa in all analyses. Our results also demonstrate that RP variation among hominins scales with respect to body mass, encephalization, and semicircular canal radius similarly to other hominids but that modern humans and Pongo stand out in this regard. Operating within the hypothesis that RP reflects autonomic biorhythms that regulate multiple life history variables, our results reinforce the idea that Homo sapiens has evolved a life history distinct from other hominins, even from other members of Homo, and suggest that many of these life history differences may be driven by hypothalamic output from the brain.
最近的研究通过利用牙齿组织中发现的生长线来重建和比较现存及已灭绝人类与其他猿类分类群的生长记录，为人类生活史的演化提供了深刻见解。在人类中，一些研究对芮氏周期（RP）变化进行了考察，但在某些情况下得出了相互矛盾的结论。为了阐明人类中的RP变化，并在更广泛的进化背景中更好地定位这种变化，我们对迄今为止已发表的人类和大猩猩的RP值进行了最全面的分析。我们从文献中收集了关于现存人类、大猩猩和化石人类的RP数据的所有可用数据，并使用参数和非参数方差分析评估了它们的变化。我们还对这些分类群以及已发表RP数据的更广泛的类人猿集合进行了RP数据的系统发育广义最小二乘回归，将其与体重、脑化指数和平均半规管半径（代谢率的一个指标）的数据进行比较。我们的结果表明，现代人类的平均RP与其他人类有显著差异。在所有分析中，猩猩与几乎所有其他分类群也有显著差异。我们的结果还表明，人类中的RP变化与体重、脑化指数和半规管半径的关系与其他类人猿类似，但在这方面现代人类和猩猩较为突出。基于RP反映调节多个生活史变量的自主生物节律这一假设，我们的结果强化了这样一种观点，即智人已经进化出了与其他人类不同的生活史，甚至与其他智人成员也不同，并表明这些生活史差异中的许多可能是由大脑下丘脑的输出驱动的。
