Lu Panting, Wang Jingsong, Jiang Weihong, Qian Changli, Li Na, Zhu Xinya, Wang Yu
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
China Biotechnology Corporation, Beijing 100000, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2020 Sep;49(5):731-743. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2020.05.006.
To investigate the feeding status of infants and their feeder's feeding literacy in poor rural areas of Gansu Province.
From November 2018 to January 2019, a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 1200 infant and child families aged 0 to 23 months in 40 villages of Gansu Province. A standardized questionnaire from the Chinese Nutrition Society(CNS)was used to investigate the basic situation of infant and young children's families, the situation of breastfeeding and the addition of supplementary food, and parents feeding knowledge, attitude behavior(KAP). Using chi-square test, logistic regression and other method to statistically describe and infer the collected data.
A total of 1193 infants and 1165 feeders were investigated. The exclusive breastfeeding rate of infants and young children under the age of 6 months was 39. 02%. The rate of continuous breastfeeding at 1 year old was 37. 40%, and the rate of continuous breastfeeding at 2 years old was 20. 88%, the difference between the two was significant(χ2=13. 498, P<0. 01). The supplementary food supplement rate of infants and children over 6 months was 94. 37%, the highest supplementary supplement for cereals and potatoes(98. 01%), and the lowest percentage for beans and nuts(23. 51%), and the distribution of supplementary foods at different ages was significantly different(χ2=52. 336, P<0. 01). The qualification rate of infants and young children's minimum dietary diversity was 64. 13%, the minimum eating frequency qualification rate was 70. 64%, the minimum acceptable dietary intake qualification rate was 42. 16%, and the qualification rates of various indicators were significantly different between different months(χ2=85. 421, P<0. 01;χ2=19. 66, P<0. 01; χ2=17. 261, P<0. 01). The KAP score passing rate of infant caregivers was 37. 34%, and there was a statistical difference between the age of infants and young children, the education level and the sex of the caregiver(χ2=9. 411, P<0. 05;χ2=25. 901, P<0. 01;χ2=3. 874, P<0. 05). Taking low-month-old infants and young children, low education and male caregivers as controls, infants and young children aged over 12 months, high school education and female caregivers were the protective factors of KAP scores(P<0. 05).
The problems of infant breastfeeding and supplementary feeding in poor rural areas of Gansu Province were serious, and the knowledge and skills of raising people were scarce, which were related to the age of infants and young children, the education and the sex of raising people.
调查甘肃省贫困农村地区婴幼儿喂养状况及其喂养者的喂养知识水平。
2018年11月至2019年1月，采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法，在甘肃省40个村庄选取1200户0至23个月龄婴幼儿家庭。使用中国营养学会（CNS）的标准化问卷，调查婴幼儿家庭基本情况、母乳喂养及辅食添加情况，以及家长喂养知识、态度和行为（KAP）。采用卡方检验、logistic回归等方法对收集的数据进行统计描述和推断。
共调查1193名婴幼儿及其1165名喂养者。6个月龄以下婴幼儿纯母乳喂养率为39.02%。1岁时持续母乳喂养率为37.40%，2岁时持续母乳喂养率为20.88%，两者差异有统计学意义（χ²=13.498，P<0.01）。6个月以上婴幼儿辅食添加率为94.37%，谷类和薯类辅食添加率最高（98.01%），豆类和坚果类辅食添加率最低（23.51%），不同年龄段辅食添加分布差异有统计学意义（χ²=52.336，P<0.01）。婴幼儿最低饮食多样性达标率为64.13%，最低进食频率达标率为70.64%，最低可接受膳食摄入量达标率为42.16%，不同月份各项指标达标率差异有统计学意义（χ²=85.421，P<0.01；χ²=19.66，P<0.01；χ²=17.261，P<0.01）。婴幼儿照料者KAP得分及格率为37.34%，婴幼儿年龄、照料者文化程度和性别之间存在统计学差异（χ²=9.411，P<0.05；χ²=25.901，P<0.01；χ²=3.874，P<0.05）。以低月龄婴幼儿、低文化程度和男性照料者为对照，12个月龄以上婴幼儿、高中文化程度和女性照料者是KAP得分的保护因素（P<0.05）。
甘肃省贫困农村地区婴幼儿母乳喂养和辅食添加问题严重，养育者知识技能匮乏，且与婴幼儿年龄、养育者文化程度和性别有关。
