Leidos, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA; National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Vaccine. 2020 Nov 10;38(48):7596-7602. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.10.030. Epub 2020 Oct 15.
Influenza vaccination is the primary way to prevent influenza, yet influenza vaccination coverage remains low in the United States. Previous studies have shown that children residing in rural areas have less access to healthcare and lower vaccination coverage for some vaccines. Influenza vaccination coverage among children 6 months-17 years by rural/urban residence during the 2011-12 through 2018-19 influenza seasons was examined using National Immunization Survey-Flu data. The Council of American Survey Research Organizations response rates for National Immunization Survey-Flu ranged from 48% to 65% (2011-12 through the 2017-18 seasons) for the landline sample and 20%-39% (2011-12 through the 2018-19 seasons) for the cellular telephone sample. Children residing in rural areas had influenza vaccination coverage that ranged from 7.9 (2012-13 season) to 12.6 (2016-17 season) percentage points lower than children residing in urban areas, and ranged from 4.5 (2012-13 season) to 7.4 (2016-17 season) percentage points lower than children residing in suburban areas. The differences in influenza vaccination coverage among rural, suburban, and urban children were consistent over the eight seasons studied. Lower influenza vaccination coverage was observed among rural children regardless of child's age, mother's education, household income, or number of children under 18 years of age in the household. Rural versus urban and suburban differences in influenza vaccination coverage remained statistically significant while adjusting for selected sociodemographic characteristics. A better understanding of the reasons for lower childhood influenza vaccination coverage for children in rural and suburban areas is needed.
流感疫苗接种是预防流感的主要方法，但流感疫苗接种在美国的覆盖率仍然很低。以前的研究表明，居住在农村地区的儿童获得医疗保健的机会较少，某些疫苗的接种率也较低。本研究使用国家免疫调查-流感数据，检查了 2011-12 至 2018-19 流感季节期间，农村/城市居住的 6 个月至 17 岁儿童的流感疫苗接种率。国家免疫调查-流感的美国调查研究组织理事会的答复率，对于固定电话样本为 48%至 65%（2011-12 至 2017-18 季节），对于移动电话样本为 20%-39%（2011-12 至 2018-19 季节）。居住在农村地区的儿童的流感疫苗接种率比居住在城市地区的儿童低 7.9（2012-13 季节）至 12.6（2016-17 季节）个百分点，比居住在郊区的儿童低 4.5（2012-13 季节）至 7.4（2016-17 季节）个百分点。在研究的八个季节中，农村、郊区和城市儿童的流感疫苗接种率差异始终保持一致。无论儿童的年龄、母亲的教育程度、家庭收入或家庭中 18 岁以下儿童的数量如何，农村儿童的流感疫苗接种率都较低。在调整了选定的社会人口特征后，农村与城市和郊区在流感疫苗接种率方面的差异仍然具有统计学意义。需要更好地了解农村和郊区儿童流感疫苗接种率较低的原因。
