Goncharov N V, Popova P I, Avdonin P P, Kudryavtsev I V, Serebryakova M K, Korf E A, Avdonin P V
Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology, 188663 p.o. Kuz'molovskii, Leningrad oblast Russia.
Biochem (Mosc) Suppl Ser A Membr Cell Biol. 2020;14(3):167-183. doi: 10.1134/S1990747819030140. Epub 2020 Oct 13.
Endothelial cells (ECs) line the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, as well as heart chambers, forming the border between the tissues, on the one hand, and blood or lymph, on the other. Such a strategic position of the endothelium determines its most important functional role in the regulation of vascular tone, hemostasis, and inflammatory processes. The damaged endothelium can be both a cause and a consequence of many diseases. The state of the endothelium is indicated by the phenotype of these cells, represented mainly by (trans)membrane markers (surface antigens). This review defines endothelial markers, provides a list of them, and considers the mechanisms of their expression and the role of the endothelium in certain pathological conditions.
内皮细胞（ECs）排列在血管、淋巴管以及心脏腔室的内表面，形成了一方面是组织，另一方面是血液或淋巴之间的边界。内皮细胞的这种战略位置决定了其在调节血管张力、止血和炎症过程中最重要的功能作用。受损的内皮细胞可能既是许多疾病的原因，也是其结果。内皮细胞的状态由这些细胞的表型来指示，主要由（跨）膜标志物（表面抗原）来体现。本综述定义了内皮标志物，列出了它们的清单，并探讨了它们的表达机制以及内皮细胞在某些病理状况下的作用。
