Falk R L, Smith D F
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1987 Oct;149(4):677-82. doi: 10.2214/ajr.149.4.677.
Duplex Doppler sonography of the axillary, subclavian, internal jugular, and brachiocephalic veins was performed in 20 normal volunteers and in a series of 22 consecutive patients with suspected venous thrombosis. When normal, these vessels had hypoechoic or anechoic lumina, sharply echogenic walls, and characteristic Doppler flow patterns that varied with changes in intrathoracic pressure. Most thrombosed vessels had poorly defined walls and echogenic lumina. All had absent flow on Doppler analysis. Duplex Doppler sonography was positive in all 10 patients subsequently shown to have venous thrombosis by venography or CT. One false-positive result occurred in a technically limited study. Sonography has the advantages of portability, ease of performance, and high patient acceptance. Duplex Doppler has advantages over either continuous-wave Doppler or imaging sonography alone. Our experience suggests that duplex Doppler sonography should be the initial diagnostic study in evaluating suspected thrombosis of the upper extremity thoracic inlet veins.
对20名正常志愿者以及连续22例疑似静脉血栓形成的患者进行了腋窝、锁骨下、颈内和头臂静脉的双功多普勒超声检查。正常时，这些血管管腔呈低回声或无回声，管壁呈强回声，且具有随胸腔内压力变化而改变的特征性多普勒血流模式。大多数血栓形成的血管管壁界限不清，管腔呈强回声。所有病例在多普勒分析中均无血流信号。在随后经静脉造影或CT证实有静脉血栓形成的所有10例患者中，双功多普勒超声检查结果均为阳性。在一项技术受限的研究中出现了1例假阳性结果。超声检查具有便携、操作简便和患者接受度高的优点。双功多普勒比单纯连续波多普勒或成像超声具有优势。我们的经验表明，双功多普勒超声检查应作为评估上肢胸廓入口静脉疑似血栓形成的初始诊断性检查。
