不仅是心:不同情绪面孔的收缩期放大与任务相关。
More than meets the heart: systolic amplification of different emotional faces is task dependent.
机构信息
Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Cardiac Neuroscience Laboratory, Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
出版信息
Cogn Emot. 2021 Mar;35(2):400-408. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2020.1832050. Epub 2020 Oct 19.
Interoceptive processes emanating from baroreceptor signals support emotional functioning. Previous research suggests a unique link to fear: fearful faces, presented in synchrony with systolic baroreceptor firing draw more attention and are rated as more intense than those presented at diastole. This study examines whether this effect is unique to fearful faces or can be observed in other emotional faces. Participants ( = 71) completed an emotional visual search task (VST) in which fearful, happy, disgust and sad faces were presented during systolic and diastolic phases of the cardiac cycle. Visual search accuracy and emotion detection accuracy and latency were recorded, followed by a subjective intensity task. A series of interactions between emotion and cardiac phase were observed. Visual search accuracy for happy and disgust faces was greater at systole than diastole; the opposite was found for fearful faces. Fearful and happy faces were perceived as more intense at systole. Previous research proposed that cardiac signalling has specific effects on the attention and intensity ratings for fearful faces. Results from the present tasks suggest these effects are more generalised and raise the possibility that interoceptive signals amplify emotional superiority effects dependent on the task employed.
来自压力感受器信号的内感受过程支持情绪功能。先前的研究表明,其与恐惧之间存在独特的联系:与收缩期压力感受器放电同步呈现的恐惧面孔比在舒张期呈现的面孔会引起更多的注意,并被评为更强烈。本研究检验了这种效应是否仅对恐惧面孔有影响,还是可以在其他情绪面孔中观察到。参与者( = 71)完成了一项情绪视觉搜索任务(VST),在此任务中,恐惧、快乐、厌恶和悲伤的面孔在心动周期的收缩期和舒张期呈现。记录了视觉搜索准确性、情绪检测准确性和潜伏期,然后进行了主观强度任务。观察到情绪和心脏相位之间的一系列相互作用。与舒张期相比,收缩期时快乐和厌恶面孔的视觉搜索准确性更高;而恐惧面孔则相反。收缩期时,恐惧和快乐面孔被感知为更强烈。先前的研究提出,心脏信号对恐惧面孔的注意力和强度评价有特定的影响。本任务的结果表明,这些影响更为普遍,并提出了内感受信号可能放大了依赖于所采用任务的情绪优势效应的可能性。