Development of potential proteasome inhibitors against .

Tuberculosis (TB) has been recently declared as a health emergency because of sporadic increase in Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) problem throughout the world. TB causing bacteria, has become resistant to the first line of treatment along with second line of treatment and drugs, which are accessible to us. Thus, there is an urgent need of identification of key targets and development of potential therapeutic approach(s), which can overcome the complications. In the present study, proteasome has been taken as a potential target as it is one of the key regulatory proteins in propagation. Further, a library of 400 compounds (small molecule) from Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) were screened against the target (proteasome) using molecular docking and simulation approach, and selected lead compounds were validated in model. In this study, we have identified two potent small molecules from the MMV Pathogen Box library, MMV019838 and MMV687146 with -9.8kcal/mol and -8.7kcal/mol binding energy respectively, which actively interact with the catalytic domain/active domain of proteasome and inhibit the growth in culture. Furthermore, the molecular docking and simulation study of MMV019838 and MMV687146 with proteasome show strong and stable interaction with compared to human proteasome and show no cytotoxicity effect. A better understanding of proteasome inhibition in in and model would eventually allow us to understand the molecular mechanism(s) and discover a novel and potent therapeutic agent against Tuberculosis. Active efflux of drugs mediated by efflux pumps that confer drug resistance is one of the mechanisms developed by bacteria to counter the adverse effects of antibiotics and chemicals. Efflux pump activity was tested for a specific compound MMV019838 which was showing good in silico results than MIC values.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.